Abstract
The capacity to transform atmospheric N2 into ammonia, which initially enhanced the research, has become just one of the potentialities verified by diazotrophic bacteria, and today, it is known that these microorganisms produce various plant-growth-promoting substances. Due to the enormous data obtained so far, diazotrophic bacteria have the potential to be used as biofertilizers in different crops or grasses, it is expected that the application of this alternative fertilizer will reduce the need for N application in these crops, since an efficient nitrogen use is an essential factor for a sustainable agriculture and the world agribusiness. Investment in research and diffusion of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), through multidisciplinary and integrated studies can bring great benefit to the planet, increasing food production, reducing the use of fossil fuels and the contamination of water resources, by decreasing the use of external sources of nitrogenous fertilizers. Therefore, this review will show the characteristics of diazotrophic bacteria (nitrogen-fixing), their way of acting with microorganism endophytes and their contribution when in association with grasses of economic importance. Key words: Endophytic diazotrophic bacteria, inoculant, biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), grass.
Highlights
Biological nittrogen n fixatio on by diazottrophic c bacte eria in ociation with grass ses of e econom mic im mportan nce asso
The capacity to transfo orm atmospheric N2 into o ammonia, which initia ally enhance ed the resea arch, has become jus st one of the potentialitie es verified by y diazotroph hic bacteria, a and today, itt is known th hat these microorgan nisms produ uce various plant-growtth-promoting g substance es
This review aims to address the characteristics of diazotrophic bacteria, their form of action as endophytic microorganisms and their contribution when associated with grasses of economic importance
Summary
Fa aculty of Agric cultural Scien nces, Federal University of Great Doura ados, Dourado os-MS, Brazil. The erefore, this review will s show the by decreasing the use of characteristics of diaz zotrophic ba acteria (nitro ogen-fixing),, their way of acting with microo organism economic im endophytes s and their co ontribution when w in asso ociation with h grasses of e mportance. BNF is performed p by a limited gro oup of o organisms kn nown as diaz zotrophic, esp pecially bacte eria livin ng in associa ation with plan nts. These ba acteria have the t nitrrogenase enzymatic compllex and are able to break the t ms of atmosp pheric nitrogen n triple bond conneccting two atom o reduce N2 tto ammonia (NH3+) (Nuness et al, 2003)).
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