Abstract
The present study was conducted to examine the contamination of rivulet situated at Kasimpur, Aligarh (27.218° N; 79.378° E). It receives the wastewater of Harduaganj Thermal Power Plant (HTPS) containing fly ash and heavy metals. Among the heavy metals estimated in the rivulet water, Fe (8.71 mg L-1) was present in the highest concentration followed by Cu (0.86 mg L-1), Zn (0.30 mg L-1), Mn (0.21 mg L-1), Ni (0.12 mg L-1), Co (0.11 mg L-1) and Cr (0.10 mg L-1). The values for the heavy metals such as Fe, Ni and Mn were beyond the limits set by UNEPGEMS. Channa punctatus inhabiting the rivulet, bioaccumulate these heavy metals in tissues such as gills, liver, kidney, muscle and integument. Accumulation of Fe (140.2 to 1533.08 mg kg-1.dw) was highest in all the organs. The accumulation of Fe, Zn, and Mn, observed in the tissues were above the values recommended by FAO/WHO. Abnormalities in hematological parameters of exposed C. punctatus were also observed. The total RBC count (-51.39%) showed decline over control. Therefore, fall in Hb (-36.98%) and oxygen carrying capacity (37.00%) was also observed over control. On the contrary, the total WBC count (+25.43%) increased over control. Key words: Channa punctatus, effluents, heavy metals, bioaccumulation, hematology.
Highlights
Rapid industrialization in India has resulted in substantial increase in the solid/ liquid waste which is traditionally discharged into nearby natural water causing a number of environmental problems including threat to plants and animal lives (Babalola et al, 2009)
The aim of this study was to assess the abnormal presence of heavy metals in rivulet water because it receives effluents from ‘thermal power station’, their bioaccumulation in different tissues and effect on hematology of fish C. punctatus, in order to provide the fish as a bioindicator
The heavy metal content in rivulet water were in the order Fe (8.71 mg L-1) > Cu (0.86 mg L-1) > Zn (0.3 mg L-1) > Mn (0.21 mg L-1) > Ni (0.12 mg L-1) > Co (0.11 mg L-1) > Cr (0.10 mg L-1) (Table 1); where it was found that Fe, Ni, Mn and Cr exceeded the recommended values set by UNEPGEMS (2006) but Cu and Zn were within the tolerable range
Summary
Rapid industrialization in India has resulted in substantial increase in the solid/ liquid waste which is traditionally discharged into nearby natural water causing a number of environmental problems including threat to plants and animal lives (Babalola et al, 2009). Sewage and industrial disposal has greatly enhanced the addition of heavy metals into the aquatic ecosystem. High concentrations of heavy metals had been reported in water of sewage-fed aquaculture pond and prevalent fish C. punctatus at Panethi, Aligarh (Javed and Usmani, 2012a, 2013a). Sugar mill effluent (Cu, Ni, Co, Cr) dominated water body at Satha, Aligarh reported to contained beyond permissible levels of heavy metals (Ni, Cr) in both water and fishes (Javed and Usmani, 2013b). There are many water bodies which lie in vicinity of population have been polluted by effluents released by industries, factories, power stations, domestic waste etc. It becomes important to study such water bodies where wastes are released and populations of fishes are thriving
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