Abstract
The chemical composition of olive leaves and roots of Chemlali variety was evaluated regarding the contents of amino acids and endogenous phytohormones under foliar application of biofertilizers (F1: rich in nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), potassium (K); F2: rich in calcium (Ca); F3: application of F1 and F2). The results of this study demonstrated significant effects of tested fertilizers on the concentrations of amino acids. Glutamic acid and asparagine had the highest concentrations in leaves and the lowest concentrations in roots under F1 and F3. Regarding the concentrations of endogenous phytohormones, high contents of indole-3-acetic acid and salicylic acid were found in leaves and roots under the application of F1 biofertilizer. Jasmonic acid (JA) was of higher concentration in root than leaves, while abscisic acid occurred in lower concentration. Moreover, the analysis of isoprenoid cytokinins by ultra-performance liquid-chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS) showed that these cytokinins were improved and became more abundant in roots under foliar treatments. Particularly, Zeatin-N7-glucoside and Dihydrozeatin-N9-Glucoside were enhanced under F1 and F3. The results of this study suggest that foliar application of biological fertilizers may improve physiological status of olive trees throughout the enhancement of some phytohormones and amino acids. Key words: Foliar fertilization, olive trees, amino acids, indole-3-acetic acid, isoprenoid cytokinins.
Highlights
Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is the most important tree in the countries of the Mediterranean basin
F3, the increase is due to a minor increase of ornithine and serine in combination with a major increase of asparagine and glutamic acid. These results indicated that after N, P and K supply, leaves accumulated more amino acids than in control leaves or in those treated with F2
It was observed that the concentrations of amino acids were approximately 6 times higher in roots than in leaves, lower amino acid concentrations were observed in roots after fertilization as compared to those in control conditions (Table 3)
Summary
Olive tree (Olea europaea L.) is the most important tree in the countries of the Mediterranean basin. Depth (cm) Clay (%) Silt (%) Sand (%) pH Electrical conductivity (mmhos/cm) Organic carbon (%) Organic matter (%) Total nitrogen (%) Available phosphorus (P2O5) (ppm) Exchangeable potassium (K2O) (ppm)
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