Abstract
Zerumbone (ZER), a bioactive compound isolated from Zingiber zerumbet Smith, was examined for single and repeated-dose toxicity at dosages with antitumor effects on imprinting control regions (ICR) mice and mice of either sex for repeated dose, respectively. For the single dose toxicity study, ZER was administrated to ICR mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection, while for the repeated dose toxicity study, mice of either sex were studied at dosages of 5, 25 and 50 mg/kg for a period of 28 days. The effects on body and organ weight, food and water consumption, hematology, serum biochemistry as well as histology, were evaluated. No mortality or significant changes in the clinical signs were produced at the single dose toxicity. There were no significant differences in the general condition, growth, organ weights, hematology, serum biochemistry, or histopathological analysis in the repeated dose toxicity as well. These results suggest that ZER is safe in a toxicity study for the cancer treatment in mice regardless of whether male or female mice. Key words: Zerumbone, toxicity, antitumor effect, single and repeated dose, safety.
Highlights
Natural products obtained from plants have a long history of beneficial use by mankind for the treatment of diseases (Lucas et al, 2010)
For the single dose toxicity study, ZER was administrated to imprinting control regions (ICR) mice at a dose of 500 mg/kg via intraperitoneal injection, while for the repeated dose toxicity study, mice of either sex were studied at dosages of 5, 25 and 50 mg/kg for a period of 28 days
We found that the combination of ZER and radiation showed synergistic antitumor effects as compared to ZER or radiation single treatment in vivo and in vitro
Summary
Natural products obtained from plants have a long history of beneficial use by mankind for the treatment of diseases (Lucas et al, 2010). Cytotoxic effect of ZER has been reported to be selective toward cancer cells as compared to normal cells (Abdul et al, 2009). ZER has been reported to inhibit tumor growth in various animal models of inflammation and cancer (Huang et al, 2005; Kim et al, 2009; Prasannan et al, 2012; Sulaiman et al, 2010). ZER has been shown to suppress cervical intraepithelial neoplasia by diethylstilbestrol (DES) in female Balb/c mice, at an efficacy close to that of the anti-tumor drug cisplatin (Abdelwahab et al, 2010). Toxicity has not been reported in ZER for preclinical use
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