Abstract
Horse manure composts may provide nutrients to crops as well as enrichment of good microorganisms for phytoprotection. Previous studies have shown their effectiveness against diseases but there are problems to overcome their composting procedures. The purpose of this experiment is to treat the horse manure starting from the stable to produce compost for crop growth. The results indicate that the manure can be enriched in its nutrient components after appropriate crushing. Biophase analysis of the microorganisms on manure composts during their fermentation showed that the main genus is Bacillus subtilus species which is characterized by higher temperature resistance and so has higher concentration after fermentation. Field experiment on cabbage growth shows that horse compost may improve soil property, nutrient components and cabbage quality more than the compost sold in the market. Key words: Horse manure, plant nutrition, agricultural management, resource, product innovation.
Highlights
Horse is an herbivorous domestic animal originating in the central Asian grassland
The results showed that manure composts were helpful in raising the concentrations of Ca, Mg and K in cabbage leaves
These experiments showed that composting of horse manure requires suitable crushing before proceeding in order to complete the compost faster
Summary
Horse is an herbivorous domestic animal originating in the central Asian grassland. It was migrated to the America and Australia along with immigrants after the 15th century and widely spread worldwide. Horse manures were commonly applied directly to the field in Germany. Even this method is still mostly used in the US and other developed countries. As composting of horse manure can reduce the materials harmful to the environment, it has been recognized as one of the important methods of treatment (Edwards et al, 1999). Horse manure with large granular can be composted in three to six months, because the microorganisms in the granular is active to decompost the organic matter that is involved in the maintenance of high temperature. This study was conducted to research on the crushing method for horse manure to shorten the duration of high temperature in the composting procedure
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