Abstract
This study aims to evaluate the phenotype of nine genotypes of rice, during two consecutive seasons, in plots of rice farmers in irrigated plains Kou valley and Di. A Fisher block was implanted with three replicates at both sites on plots that had previously been shown to have a high incidence of bacterial leaf streak (BLS). The incidence, severity, growth rate of the disease, and the average yield of the different genotypes tested were assessed. In addition, climatic data including temperature and hygrometry were recorded in order to establish correlations between the various parameters measured. It was noted that the first symptoms appeared on susceptible varieties as of 30 DAT and progressed over time to reach higher levels (100%) by 72 DAT. The results show that FKR19, WAB181-18, FKR45N, and FKR49N genotypes were shown to be resistant despite the high pressure of BLS. However, high temperature and hygrometry significantly influenced the BLS severity (r = 0.8), which had a significant effect on the potential yield of the tested varieties (P = 0.00014). Therefore, adhesion to the cropping calendar and use of resistant varieties are some of the best strategies to reduce the incidence of BLS in rice-growing conditions in Burkina Faso. Key words: Rice, bacterial leaf blight, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzicola, resistant.
Highlights
Rice consumption is increasing due to population growth, increasing urban areas, and changes in eating habits
Group 1, which included the WAB181-18, FKR19, FKR45N, and FKR49N genotypes, comprised those that were resistant to bacterial leaf streak (BLS)
During the two years of the study, the IR64, FKR62N, TS2, WAB56-50, and CG14 genotypes displayed differential reactions to BLS according to the site and the year, unlike the FKR19, WAB181-18, FKR45N, and FKR49N genotypes, which exhibited resistance
Summary
Rice consumption is increasing due to population growth, increasing urban areas, and changes in eating habits. The global supply of rice is declining due to reduction in the area available for rice cultivation in favour of other crops (biofuels, wood, etc.) and climate change leading to droughts and floods (SNDR, 2011). In Burkina Faso, rice ranks fourth after sorghum, millet, and maize in terms of the area of cultivation, the amount produced, and the level of consumption. National rice production only covers less than half of the population's consumption needs, which are estimated to be 475,000 tonnes of milled rice annually. Efforts are being made to increase the national production of rice through irrigation schemes, the use of improved varieties, and promotion of the rice sector (Presao, 2011)
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