Abstract
The present study was done to check the bioleaching feasibility of brown shale for the recovery of copper (Cu), aluminum (Al), magnesium (Mg) and manganese (Mn) ions using Ganoderma lucidum. Different experimental parameters were optimized for the enhanced recovery of metals ions. Effect of different substrates like glucose, molasses, saw dust and cotton seed cake on the recovery of metals ions was investigated under shaking as well as non-shaking conditions. Significant difference in leaching of metal ions by G. lucidum was observed under shaking and non shaking conditions. Maximum leaching of Al (90.7%), Mg (96.46%), Mn (66.3%) and Cu (73.45%) was observed using glucose under shaking conditions with 5, 3, 4 and 3% pulp densities respectively. The results show that maximum solubilization up to 68.89, 77.03 and 38.37% was achieved for Cu, Al and Mg ions respectively using molasses as substrate, whereas, 57.74% recovery of Mn was achieved with saw dust. The recovery of metal ions indicated that this low grade discarded ore may be a potential source of metal ions in future.
Highlights
In current scenario, world demand for metals is growing fast from low grade ores and wastes due to depletion of high grade ores
The results show that maximum solubilization up to 68.89, 77.03 and 38.37% was achieved for Cu, Al and Mg ions respectively using molasses as substrate, whereas, 57.74% recovery of Mn was achieved with saw dust
Experiments have shown that Aspergillus niger exhibited good potential in generating organic acids effective for metal solubilization and maximum solubilization of 68, 46 and 34% have been achieved for copper, zinc and nickel, respectively (Catherine et al, 2004)
Summary
World demand for metals is growing fast from low grade ores and wastes due to depletion of high grade ores. As millions of tonnes of low-grade ore and copper-rich tailings await the development of an efficient and economic extraction process, the recovery of metal ions from low and lean grade ores, such as shales and schist, by conventional techniques is very expensive due to high energy and capital inputs. Brown shale is a very fine-grained sedimentary rock which has been formed by the consolidation of beds of mud, clay or silt along with residues of algae, bacteria and other life forms that lived in the sea These are composed of clay minerals, quartz, and illite (Bohacs et al, 2000). The main concern of the present research work was to explore the ability of microbes like G. lucidum to extract metal ions like Al, Mg, Cu and Mn from brown shale using different experimental strategies and agriculture wastes as substrates
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