Abstract
The ultimate goal integrated herd health management is to lower calving interval, decrease the number of services per conception thereby increasing reproduction and production but reproductive health disorders affect the reproductive performance of the dairy cows, the number of potential replacement needed to maintain a constant herd size and the longevity of the cow in the herd. There was insufficiency research information in the particular situation in the area for dairy production intensification. Assessments were conducted to identify the major reproductive health problems of dairy cattle and associated risk factors at Boloso Sore, Ethiopia from November 2016 to April 2017. In the present study, smallholder dairy owners were interviewed using local language; data on dairy reproductive performances particularly history of reproductive health problems were collected. A total of 200 respondents were interviewed and the finding revealed that the most frequently encountered reproductive health problems were repeat breeding, dystocia, abortion retained fetal membranes, uterine prolapsed, and still birth: 17,16.5, 14.5, 5.5, 3.5, and 1% respectively were record. Overall, fifty two percent (n=104/200) of dairy owners responded to the presence of either one or more reproductive disorders history in their herd. In the present study the association of history of reproductive problems showed significant difference with respect to breed and parity of dairy cattle thus, Holstein cross breed dairy with increased parity was recorded to have history of reproductive health problem than others in the management system. Further studies should be conducted at different cross blood level, and awareness given to farm owners and attendants to improve dairy management with increased parity. Key words: Abortion, Boloso sore, breed, dairy, parity, reproductive health problem.
Highlights
Ethiopia is believed to have the largest livestock population in Africa
A total of 200 smallholder dairy owners 68.5% male and 31.5% female were interviewed from the selected four kebeles based on smallholder number proportion; 49, 53, 44 and 54 respondents householders were used from Hangad, Puxo, Xadisa and Dola respectively in this data analysis (Table 1)
This study shows that abortion in dairy cattle was found to be more common in pluriparous cows at advanced pregnancy stage
Summary
Ethiopia is believed to have the largest livestock population in Africa. This livestock sector has been contributing considerable portion to the economy of the country and is still promising to contribute to economic development of the country. The Ethiopian total cattle population is estimated to be about 56.71 million. The female cattle constitute about 55.45 and 98.66%. Of the total cattle in the country are local breeds and the remaining are crossbreed and exotic breeds that accounted for about 1.19 and 0.14%, respectively CSA, 2015). The livestock sector plays a vital role as source of food, income, services and foreign exchange to the Ethiopian economy (Ayele et al, 2003). Ethiopia ranked first in cattle population in Africa
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