Abstract
The mobility of azoxystrobin in sandy loam soil was studied under continuous and discontinuous flow conditions in soil columns under laboratory conditions at two application rates (50 and 100 μg), with simulated rainfall of 300 mm. Residues of azoxystrobin in soil and leachate were estimated by gas-liquid chromatography and confirmed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Though maximum concentration of azoxystrobin was found in the top 10 cm layer under both continuous and discontinuous flow conditions but azoxystrobin residues under continuous flow conditions were recorded down to a depth of 15-20 cm and under discontinuous flow conditions residues, were recorded at depths of up to 20 and 25 cm for the single and double dose treatments, respectively. The retention of azoxystrobin residues was greater under continuous flow conditions at the higher dose, whereas a low retention of azoxystrobin residues at the lower dose and under discontinuous flow conditions was observed. The low mobility of azoxystrobin in soil indicated that it represents a low risk to groundwater systems. Leachate fractions were free from azoxystrobin residues. Key words: Leaching, azoxystrobin, sandy loam soil, column, residues.
Highlights
Pesticides are one of the major technological developments of twentieth century
A standard 1 mg ml-1 stock solution of azoxystrobin was prepared in Residues of azoxystrobin were quantified on a gas chromatograph (GC) (Shimadzu Model GC- 2010) equipped with capillary column
Limit of detection (LOD), limit of quantification (LOQ), precision and accuracy parameters were derived using the guidelines described by Thompson et al (2002)
Summary
Pesticides are one of the major technological developments of twentieth century. Whether natural or synthetic, they have toxicological significance and pose a potential risk when they persist in the environment. The present investigation was carried out to obtain information on the mobility and leaching behaviour of azoxystrobin in packed soil columns of a sandy loam soil from Northern India under different flow conditions. The azoxystrobin formulation was dissolved in deionized water and simultaneously applied to the top 5 cm of the soil in the column at doses of 50 and 100 μg as single and double dose respectively.
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