Abstract
This study determined the therapeutic effect of ethanol leaf extract of Combretum zenkeri on kidney function of rats exposed to benzo[a]pyrene. Male Wistar albino rats were treated with ethanol leaf extract of C. zenkeri (400 mg/kg) in the presence or absence of BaP (200 mg/kg) for four weeks. The blood obtained at the end of the treatment was processed into serum and used for biochemical analyses and kidney tissues for histology. The serum creatinine, urea, sodium ion and potassium ion concentrations of the group exposed to benzo[a]pyrene without treatment with C. zenkeri extracts were significantly higher (p<0.05) as compared to the normal control group. The kidney histology indicated severely damaged glomeruli. The groups treated with the leaf extract pre- or post- benzo[a]pyrene exposure showed significant reduction (p<0.05) in serum concentration of urea, creatinine and sodium ion, while the pre-treated group showed no significant reduction (p<0.05) in serum potassium ion concentration. The biochemical and histological studies indicated that, C. zenkeri can ameliorate benzo[a]pyrene induced oxidative kidney damage. Key words: Combretum zenkeri, benzo[a]pyrene, PAHs, oxidative damage, kidney functions.
Highlights
Benzo[a]pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant and an established mutagen and carcinogen (ATSDR, 1996; IARC, 2010)
This study determined the therapeutic effect of ethanol leaf extract of Combretum zenkeri on kidney function of rats exposed to benzo[a]pyrene
The serum creatinine, urea, sodium ion and potassium ion concentrations of the group exposed to benzo[a]pyrene without treatment with C. zenkeri extracts were significantly higher (p
Summary
Benzo[a]pyrene, a polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAHs) is an ubiquitous environmental pollutant and an established mutagen and carcinogen (ATSDR, 1996; IARC, 2010). Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons are ubiquitous and persistent as a result of natural and human activities. Human activities that release PAH into the environment are rampant in Nigeria, especially in the Niger-delta. The Niger-delta region of Nigeria is known for petroleum pollution resulting from crude oil exploration, exploitation and gas flaring (Ujowundu et al, 2013). Gas flaring is the unscientific elimination by combustion, of excess hydrocarbons accumulated in oil/gas flow station, releasing green house gases, soot, heavy metals and hydrocarbons (PAHs) (Coker, 2007; Ujowundu et al, 2013, 2014a). Cancer prevalence is shown to increase (Ana et al, 2009; Ana and Sridhar, 2009)
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