Abstract
Many organic and inorganic pollutants, including heavy metals are being transported and mixed with the cultivated soils and water. Heavy metals are the most dangerous pollutants as they are non-degradable and accumulate and become toxic to plants and animals. An experiment was conducted in the glasshouse to evaluate the potential of Acacia mangium as a phytoremediator to absorb heavy metals from contaminated soils. A. mangium seedlings were planted in the growth media (soil + different levels of copper). The different levels of Cu were: T0 (control, soil), T1 (50 ppm Cu), T2 (100 ppm Cu), T3 (200 ppm Cu), T4 (300 ppm Cu) and T5(400 ppm Cu). The highest growth performance such as basal diameter, height and number of leaves was in T1. The highest biomass was recorded in T1. Highest accumulation of Cu (93.55 ppm) and Zn (79.13 ppm) were recorded in T5 while Cd (8.88 ppm) in T3. Cu was highly concentrated in the roots, Cd was accumulated in the leaves and roots, whereas, Zn was in stems and leaves. A. mangium showed high translocation factor (TF) and low bioconcentration factor (BCF) values in soil at higher metal concentrations as well as it was able to tolerate and accumulate high concentrations of Cd, Cu and Zn. It may be concluded that this species can be a good efficient phtyoremediator for heavy metals (Cd, Cu and Zn) contaminated soils to mitigate soil pollution. Key words: Heavy metals, phytoremediation, bioaccumulation capacity.
Highlights
Human, natural and anthropogenic activities concentrated some heavy elements in certain areas up to dangerous levels for living organisms (Chatterjee and Chatterjee, 2000, Kim et al, 2001)
An experiment was conducted in the glasshouse to evaluate the potential of Acacia mangium as a phytoremediator to absorb heavy metals from contaminated soils
A. mangium seedlings were planted in the growth media
Summary
Natural and anthropogenic activities concentrated some heavy elements in certain areas up to dangerous levels for living organisms (Chatterjee and Chatterjee, 2000, Kim et al, 2001). Use of sludge or urban composts, pesticides, fertilizers and emission from municipal waste incinerators, car exhausts, residues from metalliferous mining and metal smelting industry polluted extensive areas throughout the world (Zantopoulos et al, 1999, Herawati et al, 2000; Brun, 2001). The presence of large amounts in the environment, in soil, can be dangerous. Copper is strongly bound to organic matter in the soil, which permits it to be mobile (Mengel and Kirby, 1987). Major sources of Cu pollution include release from fertilizers, fungicides, herbicides and sewage sludge (Ariyakanon and Winaipanich, 2006). Accumulation of Cu in the human body can cause gastroenteric problems, depression and kidney and liver disease (Kim and Lee, 2005)
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