English

Abstract

Fatty acid profile of Manketti oil extracted by screw press (SPE), supercritical fluid, Soxhlet (SE) and mechanical shaking (MS) extractions determined by chromatography (GC). Eight fatty acids were identified using authentic standards; two were calculated by equivalent chain lengths (ECL) values; α-eleostearic acid was identified by GC and spectroscopic techniques while three could not be identified. The results indicate that, extractions using hexane, SE and MS, had higher concentrations of total saturated fats of 15.71 and 16.27%, respectively, compared to SPE and SFE with 15.51 and 15.13%, respectively. On the other hand, SPE and SFE respectively had concentrations of unsaturated fats of 82.55 and 82.90%, compared to SE and MS, which had 82.08 and 81.86%, respectively. SPE and SFE had significantly higher (P < 0.05) concentrations of α-eleostearic acid of 27.01 and 26.86% compared to SE and MS with 26.28 and 26.11%. Hence, Manketti oil that is relatively rich in unsaturated fats can be obtained by SPE and SFE. Additionally, SPE and SFE oil is free of organic solvent residues, hence is suitable for edible purposes. The existence of α-eleostearic acid in this Manketti sample has been proven by GC, Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), infrared (IR), ultraviolet (UV) and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) techniques. The results strongly agree with literature. The result is important since α-eleostearic acid is known to have the ability to lower antitumor and hepatic cholesterol; so Manketti oil could be used for neutraceutical purposes. Key words: Manketti oil, fatty acids, screw-press, supercritical fluid, solvent extraction, α eleostearic acid.