Abstract
Data from satellite application facility on climate monitoring (CM SAF) have been used to estimate and study seasonal variation of columnar refractivity in relation with relative humidity and temperature for twenty six stations categorized into four climatic regions (coastal, Guinea savannah, midland and sub Sahel regions) over Nigeria. Mean, standard error, maximum, minimum values and ranges of these variables were also determined for different regions at each atmospheric level. The results have revealed that the monthly variation of refractivity along side with meteorological factors (relative humidity and temperature) from one region to another over Nigeria are influenced by seasonal variation, geographical location and environmental situation of each region. It is also noticed that the range of relative humidity and temperature are wider in the northern part (56.19 and 72.51% and 5.64 and 5.90 K respectively) compared to the southern part (17.85 and 25.27% and 3.19 and 5.44 K respectively) of the country. This effect was observed in the variation of refractivity also. Effect of inter tropical discontinuity (ITD) was recorded in the southern variation of relative humidity and refractivity. Key words: Columnar, refractivity, meteorological, variation.
Highlights
The structure of the radio refractive index, n, at the lower part of the atmosphere is a very important parameter in the planning of the communication links
Mean value of relative humidity is higher in the southern Nigeria than the northern part at low level and mid level (Table 1)
Using satellite data from CM – SAF, it has been established that monthly variation of refractivity is majorly influenced by relative humidity and temperature which vary geographically and seasonally
Summary
The structure of the radio refractive index, n, at the lower part of the atmosphere is a very important parameter in the planning of the communication links. The main goal of this paper is to estimate refractivity and study its seasonal variation along side with the temperature and relative humidity at three different atmospheric levels (column) over Nigeria using satellite retrieved data. Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
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