Abstract
An extract from the seeds of Trigonella foenum graecum (Fenugreek) was evaluated for its protective effect against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced oxidation in normal sheep erythrocytes (red blood cells (RBCs)). RBCs, treated with increasing concentrations of 30% H2O2 along with fenugreek seed extract (FSE) were analyzed for hemolysis and lipid peroxidation. Sheep RBCs treated with increasing concentrations of glucose, to study effect of high glucose level or hyperglycemia on normal SRBC, were found to be more susceptible to lipid peroxidation than those from normal subjects. However, on treatment with FSE, the oxidative modifications in both the groups (RBCs treated with glucose and not treated with glucose) were found to reduce significantly. The inhibition of lipid peroxidation was concentration-dependent up to 100 μl of extract, which contained 0.75 mM gallic acid equivalent (GAE) of phenolic compounds. The total phenolic content in the extract was determined spectrophotometrically according to the Folin-Ciocalteau procedure and was expressed as mg or mM GAE. The results indicate that the extract of fenugreek seeds contains antioxidants and protects cellular structures from oxidative damage. These findings demonstrate the potent antioxidant properties of the fenugreek seeds. Key words: Fenugreek seed extract (FSE), type II diabetes, osmofragility test, lipid peroxidation.
Highlights
Many traditional plants were being investigated for their potential as a source of new hypoglycemic compounds for the treatment of diabetes or any condition that leads to hyperglycemia
Hyperglycemia, seen in conditions like diabetes mellitus, is found to promote lipid peroxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDL) resulting in the generation of free radicals, responsible for change in a number of red blood cell (RBC) properties. Another important source of free radicals in diabetes is the interaction of glucose with proteins leading to the formation of an intermediate product followed by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (Hori et al, 1996; Mullarkey et al, 1990)
Using sheep red blood cells (SRBCs) as a model, this study demonstrates that fenugreek seed extract (FSE) can reduce membrane damage due to oxidation in cells exposed to high glucose
Summary
Many traditional plants were being investigated for their potential as a source of new hypoglycemic compounds for the treatment of diabetes or any condition that leads to hyperglycemia. Damage to red blood cell (RBC) membrane lipids and proteins is caused by excessively high levels of free radicals, which will result in hemolysis (Lubin and Chiu, 1982). Hyperglycemia, seen in conditions like diabetes mellitus, is found to promote lipid peroxidation of low density lipoproteins (LDL) resulting in the generation of free radicals, responsible for change in a number of RBC properties. Another important source of free radicals in diabetes is the interaction of glucose with proteins leading to the formation of an intermediate product followed by advanced glycation end products (AGEs) (Hori et al, 1996; Mullarkey et al, 1990). Oxidative damage due to different glucose concentrations was evaluated by comparing lipid peroxidation levels and activities of antioxidant enzymes, namely, catalase, super oxide dismutase, and glutathione peroxidase, respectively
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