Abstract
Using geographic information systems (GIS) and remote sensing integration to determine runoff caused due to rainfall from watershed has performed increasingly attention in recent years. This study was conducted in the Khartoum State. Curve Number (CN) method was applied for estimating the runoff depth in the watershed. Hydrologic soil group and land use maps were generated in GIS Environment. Hydrologic soil groups and land use maps were used to generate the CN map. Soil Conservation Services-Curve number (SCS-CN) method was followed to estimate runoff for the watershed. It was found that the model can predict runoff reasonably well. It could be concluded that the SCS-CN method can be applied to predict runoff volumes for planning of various conservation measures and for other water resources applications. Key words: Soil Conservation Services-Curve number (SCS-CN), geographic information systems (GIS), remote sensing, runoff estimation.
Highlights
Surface runoff is the water flow that occurs when soil is saturated to full capacity and excess water from rain over the land
This study is conducted in Khartoum State, the study area located in the middle of Sudan, lies between latitudes 15.8° N to 16.45° N
The results of this study may be very useful for flood forecasting and the development of hydrologic and hydraulic structure
Summary
Surface runoff is the water flow that occurs when soil is saturated to full capacity and excess water from rain over the land. This is a major component of the water cycle. Its occurrence and quantity are dependent on the characteristics of the rainfall event, that is, the intensity, duration and distribution. Apart from these rainfall characteristics, there are numbers of catchment specific factors, which have a direct effect on the occurrence and volume of runoff. The distribution of rainfall usually varies significantly in both space and time
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