Abstract
The increase in water scarcity, now made the researchers to look for various ways to decrease water use in rice production and increase the water use efficiency. One of the approaches that lead to a considerable amount of savings in water use by rice is aerobic cultivation, which minimizes the methane emission also. In this light of view, an investigation was carried out to study the morpho-physiological traits and yield potential of six rice genotypes viz., PMK 3, ASD 16, MDU 3, MDU 5, CO 47 and RM 96019 under aerobic condition. The parameters viz., plant height, total drymatter production, leaf area index, R:S ratio were found to be higher in the rice cultivar PMK 3. The physiological and biochemical traits viz., proline content, total phenolics, catalase and superoxide dismutase enzymes activities were found to be significantly higher in PMK 3 rice cultivar. Yield and yield components such as panicle length, number of productive tillers, number of spikelets per panicle, fertility co-efficient, panicle harvest index, grain yield and harvest index were recorded. The genotype PMK 3 recorded higher yield (4298 kg/ha) followed by ASD 16 (3068 kg/ha) and CO 47 recorded lower yield (1407 kg/ha) under aerobic condition. Key words: Aerobic rice, morphology, physiological traits and yield.
Highlights
Rice occupies the enviable prime place among the food crops cultivated around the world and it is the most important food crop in Asia
By 2025 AD, 30% of the human population would be threatened by water scarcity because of the fact that, 70% of water withdrawals is used in irrigated agriculture worldwide (IRRI, 2001)
The present study revealed that the antioxidant enzymes viz., catalase and superoxide dismutase activity were over expressed under aerobic condition regardless of genotypes (Figures 6 and 7)
Summary
Water is a looming crisis due to competition among agricultural, industrial, environmental and domestic users. By 2025 AD, 30% of the human population would be threatened by water scarcity because of the fact that, 70% of water withdrawals is used in irrigated agriculture worldwide (IRRI, 2001). In Asia, more than 50% of irrigation water is used for irrigating rice. A growing scarcity of fresh water will pose problems for rice production in future years. No wonder as the water shortage crisis has already reached parts of China as well as central and west parts of India, Pakistan and some parts of Bangladesh. Shifting gradually from traditional rice production system to growing rice aerobically, especially in water scarce irrigated lowlands, can mitigate occurrence of water related problems.
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