Abstract
Beluga is one of the most important fishes in Caspian Sea. The purpose of this experiment were to evaluate the effect of soybean meal (SBM) as a fishmeal (FM) partial replacement and citric acid (CA) supplement on the calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) of muscle, scute and serum of Beluga diets. Three isonitrogenous and isoenergetic experimental diets were formulated, they are SBM1 (soybean protein (SBP): fish protein (FP) = 1:3), SBM2 (SBP : FP = 2:3) and SBM3 (SBP : FP = 1:1). Diets were supplemented with CA at 0 and 3%. The fishes (average weigh 25.1±1.9 g) were fed at 3 to 4% of body weight for four times a day over 8 weeks. At the end of the feeding trial, Ca and P of muscle, scute and serum were determined.Ca and P of muscle and serum were significantly higher in 3% CA. P of scute was also significantly higher in 3% CA; however, dietary CA had no effect on Ca of scute. Although the results of this study showed that partial replacement of fish meal with soybean had no effects on the calcium and phosphorus of muscle, scute and serum in beluga. Key word: Citric acid, soybean meal, calcium, phosphorus, Huso huso
Highlights
Beluga is one of the most important fishes in Caspian Sea and especially in coastal part of Iran and good prime candidate for aquaculture because of its high market price, fast growth, and reproduction in captivity and because of the accelerating decline of natural population as a result of over fishing (Mohseni et al, 2006)
The purpose of this experiment were to evaluate the effect of soybean meal (SBM) as a fishmeal (FM) partial replacement and citric acid (CA) supplement on the calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) of muscle, scute and serum of Beluga diets
The results of this study showed that partial replacement of fish meal with soybean had no effects on the calcium and phosphorus of muscle, scute and serum in beluga
Summary
Beluga is one of the most important fishes in Caspian Sea and especially in coastal part of Iran and good prime candidate for aquaculture because of its high market price, fast growth, and reproduction in captivity and because of the accelerating decline of natural population as a result of over fishing (Mohseni et al, 2006). Due to the limited and unpredictable supply of FM, attention has been devoted to the possibility of increasing the inclusion of vegetable protein sources in diet for carnivorous fishes. The content of anti-nutritional factors such as phytic acid, are major factor to restrict the use of soybean meal in diets of fish (Storebakken et al, 2000). Major vegetable portion of P (60 to 70%) is bounded to phytic acid. This reduces the availability of P in the fish (Storebakken et al, 1998), as well as the availability of other minerals such as zinc (Zn), magnesium (Mg) and calcium (Ca) (Denstadi et al, 2006; Fredlund et al, 2006)
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