Abstract
This research investigated pseudobulb morphological development process of Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino by paraffin section and micro-observation combining morphological observation method, and analyzed correlation between pseudobulb morphogenesis and its part of biochemical compositions to provide clues for revealing the inhibition mechanism of germination of elder pseudobulbs by the newborn one. The results showed that pseudobulb morphogenesis of C. appendiculata can be divided into six stages: Leaf bud dormant stage, leaf bud sprouting stage, elongation growth stage of leaf bud and rhizomes, pseudobulb initial formation stage, pseudobulb swelling stage and pseudobulb full development stage. There was a close relationship between the changes of the soluble sugar and protein contents both in the newborn and elder pseudobulb development soluble sugar contents were the maximum in leaf bud dormant stage. And in annual, biennial and triennial pseudobulbs, soluble sugar contents were 23.94, 34.21 and 39.02 mg·g-1 respectively. However, soluble protein contents were the minimum in annual, biennial and triennial pseudobulbs, which were 1.30, 1.43 and 1.58 mg·g-1, respectively. With the leaf buds germinating, soluble sugar and protein contents were presenting the change trend of decline firstly, rising secondly, and then declining. Key words: Cremastra appendiculata (D. Don) Makino, pseudobulb, morphogenesis, biochemical component.
Highlights
The results illustrate that morphogenesis process of C. appendiculata pseudobulb can be divided into six stages: Leaf buds dormant stage (Figure 1a), leaf buds sprouting stage (Figure 1b), leaf buds and rhizomes elongate growth stage (Figure 1c), pseudobulb initial formation stage (Figure 1d), pseudobulb swelling stage (Figure 1e) and pseudobulb full development stage (Figure 1f)
At the leaf buds dormant stage, new mature pseudobulbs of C. appendiculata have prepared for flower buds differentiation, until the reproductive grows to a certain stage, the leaf buds began to sprout
To the pseudobulb initial formation stage, rhizomes elongation growth ended, there were a circle of roots surrounding the rhizomes at the top of rhizomes and on the base of the buds, which is a sign of newborn pseudobulb will forming on the point, and the top of rhizomes and the base of buds to begin expanding for the formation of newborn pseudobulbs, and into the pseudobulb swelling stage
Summary
Don) Makino is an ornamental plant of Orchidaceae. One of the main Chinese medicinal materials, were contained in the "Chinese Pharmacopoeia" (2015 edition). C. appendiculata grows in damp ground with altitude below 2,900 m. It is distributed in the Yellow River Basin to the southwest and south and other provinces in China, such as Sichuan, Guizhou, etc.
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