Abstract
This paper reported the effect of yeast extract and chitosan with combination of yeast extract on the growth and morphological changes and production of phenolics in the in vitro plantlets of Curcuma mangga . Yeast extract did not show any effect on the biomass and shoot proliferation of in vitro plantlets. However, the plantlets showed morphological abnormality when exposed to higher concentration of yeast extract (3.5 mgL -1 and above) supplemented into the culture medium. Plantlets cultured in media supplemented with 3.5 and 5.0 mgL -1 of yeast extract showed higher radical scavenging activity (RSA) which also indicated that stress induced by yeast extract might elicit the production of secondary metabolites which acted as free radical scavenger in 1,1-diphenyl-2- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The plantlets treated with different concentration of chitosan combined with 3.5 mgL -1 of yeast extract affected the biomass of C. mangga . The plantlets that were cultured in media supplemented with 150 mgL -1 of chitosan combined and 3.5 mgL -1 of yeast extract showed higher RSA towards DPPH as compared to the other treatments. Kinetic of DPPH free RSA from C. mangga extract was considered slow as compared to quercetin and the correlation between total phenolic content and RSA was poor (R 2 = 0.2293) for yeast extract and (R 2 = 0.0373) for chitosan combination with yeast extract. This indicated that the presence of phenolic compounds in the extracts were not the major factor contributing to the anti-oxidative activity of C. mangga. Key words: Curcuma mangga, in-vitro, elicitor, phenolics, anti-oxidative activities.
Highlights
Zingiberaceae is widely known for its multiple uses ranging from culinary to medicinal preparations
Plantlets cultured in media supplemented with 3.5 and 5.0 mgL-1 of yeast extract showed higher radical scavenging activity (RSA) which indicated that stress induced by yeast extract might elicit the production of secondary metabolites which acted as free radical scavenger in 1,1-diphenyl-2picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay
The abnormalities detected was retardation of shoot growth, chlorosis and inhibition of leaf-development in the in vitro plantlets of C. mangga (Figure 1). These types of abnormalities were detected in Glehnia littoralis in vitro plantlets after they were exposed to yeast extract
Summary
Zingiberaceae is widely known for its multiple uses ranging from culinary to medicinal preparations. It is known as Temu Pauh in Malaysia, Temu Mangga in Indonesia and Mango Turmeric in India It has the name of mango because the fresh rhizomes possess the aroma of a raw mango. It was reported that the leaves of C. mangga possessed higher total phenolic content and free radical scavenging activity as compared to its rhizomes (Chan et al, 2008). High anti-antioxidant activities are mainly found in the mature plants of C. mangga and normally, it takes a long time to reach maturity. This plant which propagates via conventional method is season dependent.
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