Abstract
The aim of this study was to determine the resistance profile of 24 Campylobacter jejuni and 16 Campylobacter coli isolates from chickens in a diagnostic laboratory in Nigeria. Susceptibility testing was done by a broth microdilution MIC method with MICRONAUT – S anaerob test plates (Merlin Diagnostika, GmbH, Germany). MIC assay was performed according to CLSI (formally NCCLS) methods. Resistance to ciprofloxacin (57.5%) was the highest, followed by nalidixic acid (47%), tetracycline (35%) and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole (22%). Campylobacter jejuni were more resistant than Campylobacter coli to nalidixic acid, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole while Campylobacter coli were more resistant than Campylobacter jejuni to erythromycin and streptomycin. 47.5% of the isolates were multi - drug resistant with nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin as the most frequently occurring antimicrobial agent in the pattern. This work has shown that majority of the Campylobacter isolates were resistant to most of the antimicrobial agents used with multi - drug resistance, thus the need for surveillance and rational use of antimicrobial agents in poultry production. Key words: Antimicrobial resistance, campylobacter, chickens, diagnostic laboratory, MIC, multi-drug resistance.
Highlights
Campylobacter species are among the leading cause of bacterial enteritis in humans throughout the world (Friedman et al, 2000)
Campylobacter jejuni were more resistant than Campylobacter coli to nalidixic acid, tetracycline and trimethoprim/sulphamethoxazole while Campylobacter coli were more resistant than Campylobacter jejuni to erythromycin and streptomycin. 47.5% of the isolates were multi - drug resistant with nalidixic acid and ciprofloxacin as the most frequently occurring antimicrobial agent in the pattern
High resistance rates have been reported from Belgium (Habib et al, 2009), USA (Ge et al, 2003), Italy (Pezzotti et al, 2003; Nobile et al, 2013; Giacomelli et al, 2014) and Czech Republic (Bardon et al, 2008) while lower resistance rates have been reported from Australia (Miflin et al, 2007)
Summary
Campylobacter species are among the leading cause of bacterial enteritis in humans throughout the world (Friedman et al, 2000). Campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease with domestic animals as well as wild animals acting as reservoirs for Campylobacter species (Padungton and Kaneene, 2003). The emergence of antimicrobial resistance species due to the use of antimicrobial agents in husbandry is a matter of concern (Luber et al, 2003). Several studies have linked the use of antimicrobial agents in Veterinary Medicine to the emergence and spread of resistance among Campylobacter with potentially serious effects on food safety in both veterinary and human health (Endtz et al, 1991; Deckert et al, 2010; Economou et al, 2015).
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