Abstract
Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) markers were employed to reveal genetic diversity and relatedness among 27 chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivars in Ethiopia. Four di-nucleotide repeat primers amplified 24 clear and reproducible bands of which 22 were polymorphic (91.67%). The genetic variation among 27 chickpea cultivars including 12 kabuli and 15 desi verities is high; in which desi type exhibited a genetic diversity of 75% with Shannon index of 0.47, while the kabuli type chickpea had 91.67% genetic diversity and Shannon index of 0.50. Unweighted Pair Group of Arithmetic mean (UPGMA) dendrogram and NJ trees with Jaccard’s similarity coefficient showed three major clusters. This was also recovered by 3D principal coordinates analysis, although some cultivars were intermixed. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) demonstrated highly significant (p < 0.001) genetic diversity within cultivars (97.71%) than among cultivars (2.29%). The distinct cultivars (Aererti, Tejie, Fetenech and Maryie) can serve as parents for future genetic resources conservation and Chickpea breeding program in Ethiopia. Key word: Chickpea cultivars, genetic diversity, ISSR markers, Ethiopia.
Highlights
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) belongs to family Leguminosae and comprises 43 species; of which nine are annuals while others are perennial (Gautam et al, 2016). It is originated in south-eastern Turkey and adjoining Syria as primary centre of diversity at the Fertile Crescent, but it is cultivated throughout the semi arid regions of the world (Thudi et al, 2016)
29 cultivated chickpea cultivars consist of kabuli type and desi type varieties collected from 3 High Land Pulse
Out of 21 Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) primers tested initially, only 4 dinucleotide repeat primers were screened for the analysis
Summary
Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) belongs to family Leguminosae and comprises 43 species; of which nine are annuals while others are perennial (Gautam et al, 2016). It is originated in south-eastern Turkey and adjoining Syria as primary centre of diversity at the Fertile Crescent, but it is cultivated throughout the semi arid regions of the world (Thudi et al, 2016). It ranks third among food legume production after common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) and field pea (Pisum sativum), and second in area coverage among pulses grown in Ethiopia proceeded by faba bean (Varshney et al, 2013). In Ethiopia approximately, more than 85% of the area is covered with desi type; whereas the rest of 15% is kabuli
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