Abstract
The bovine leukemia virus is an exogenous retrovirus that causes enzootic bovine leukosis. The aim of this study was to apply and compare a diagnostic test in an outbreak of bovine leukemia virus by nested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) in a core conservation of native cattle Guaymi. From the results obtained by the three techniques used, the agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test detected 33 positive animals. The nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) tested blood and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) detected more positive animals than AGID with 17 and 30%, respectively. Animals positive to the ELISA and AGID test but negative to nPCR could be attributed to the existence of animals with genotypes of BoLA-DRB3.2 of major histocompatibility complex class II alleles with favorable resistant to bovine leukaemia virus (BLV). The possibility of further studies on resistance against BLV can be done. It is concluded that the ELISA and nPCR are the diagnostic tests of option for BLV. Key words: Biotechnology, bovine enzootic leukemia, electrophoresis, Guaymi.
Highlights
The bovine leukemia virus (BLV; family Retroviridae; subfamily Orthoretrovirinae, genus Deltaretrovirus) is an exogenous retrovirus that causes enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), the most common malignancy of cattle worldwide (Schwartz et al, 1994; Dequiedt et al, 1999; Beyer et al, 2002; Moratorio et al, 2013)
Animals positive to the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) test but negative to nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) could be attributed to the existence of animals with genotypes of BoLA-DRB3.2 of major histocompatibility complex class II alleles with favorable resistant to bovine leukaemia virus (BLV)
Alfaro et al (2012) used nPCR to detect the BLV provirus; they used the gene of the long terminal repeat region (LTR)
Summary
The bovine leukemia virus (BLV; family Retroviridae; subfamily Orthoretrovirinae, genus Deltaretrovirus) is an exogenous retrovirus that causes enzootic bovine leukosis (EBL), the most common malignancy of cattle worldwide (Schwartz et al, 1994; Dequiedt et al, 1999; Beyer et al, 2002; Moratorio et al, 2013). This virus is related to the human T-lymphotropic virus types 1, 2 and 3 (HTLV-1, -2 and -3) and to the primate T-lymphotropic virus types 1, 2 and 3 (PTLV-1, -2 and -3) (Gelmann et al, 1983; Tanaka et al, 1990; Heneeman et al, 2012). The complete understanding of how BLV induces tumorigenesis is still enigmatic, mainly because the majority of these tumor cells are positive for an integrated proviral genome of BLV, but they lack an abundant expression of transcriptomes or proteins encoded by RNA polymerase II (pol II) (Kettmann et al, 1985; Gaynor et al, 1996; Gillet et al, 2007)
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