Abstract
Given the alarming incidence of antibiotic resistance in bacteria of medical importance and multiple side effects associated with the modern day chemotherapeutics, there is a constant need for new and effective therapeutic agents that could be easily extracted from our daily used Nepalese culinary. To study the antibacterial and antioxidant activity of common spices, locally available Clove (Eugenia caryophyllus), Cinnamon (Cinnamomum zylancium), Cumin (Cumin cyminum) and Timur (Zanthoxylum alatum) were subjected to cold extraction using ethanol and was assayed through agar well diffusion method and DPPH radical scavenging activity for different concentration gradient(100 to 500 µg). Zanthoxylum and Eugenia have showed potent antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Cinnamomum and Cumin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa. All the extracts showed effective antimicrobial activity against gram positive and gram negative bacteria, however Escherichia coli remains ineffective towards any of the concentration of spices. DPPH radical scavenging activity showed effective antioxidant activity of the spices in the following order: Eugenia (93.84%) > Cumin (90.4%), Zanthoxylum (88.73%) > Cinnamomum (87.23%). Hence, our present study demonstrated that the ethanolic extract of different spices, Eugenia being the most effective, possess potent antibacterial and antioxidant activity and can be further analyzed for antimicrobial therapeutics and pharmacological evaluation. Key words: 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity, Eugenia, Zanthoxylum, Cinnamon, Cumin.
Highlights
The alarming rise of antibiotic resistance has been a global concern
Zanthoxylum and Eugenia have showed potent antimicrobial activity against Proteus vulgaris and Pseudomonas aeruginosa followed by Cinnamomum and Cumin against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
The result of antibacterial activity of spices is shown in Evaluation of antioxidant assay
Summary
The alarming rise of antibiotic resistance has been a global concern. The reason behind such situation has been notified as the haphazard use of the antimicrobial drugs which are excessively used during therapeutic treatment of infections. The problems associated with modern day chemotherapeutics has a gamut of adverse effect from hypersensitivity, immunesuppression to allergic reactions (Agrawal et al, 1996). Natural products from plants and its significant parts has been proved to have lesser side effects in comparison to chemotherapeutics, they possess potential in being used as an „alternative remedy‟
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