Abstract
Micronutrients play a vital role in crop production and sustainable crop yield. High crop yield varieties make soil micronutrients deficient, without incorporating external inputs. Due to deficiency of micronutrients such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), yield decline drastically. It limits more than macronutrients, but requirements of these plant nutrients are very less, but plants have self regulated mechanism, which secrete the phytosiderophore (PS) and mobilize the lower concentration of these metals to soil solution for easy uptake by plants. Phytosiderophore production is a general response of plants to Fe and Zn deficiency in particular. The uptake rate of PS-chelated Fe and Zn is 100 and 5 to 10 times higher than that of free Fe and Zn, respectively. Higher amount of carbon containing organic compounds enhanced the microbial activities in rhizosphere and alter the plant nutrient chemistry in soil. This article discussed the importance of PS in microbial activity in soil and nutrient uptake mechanism in plants. Key words: Iron, phytosiderophores, rhizospheric microbial activity, zinc.
Highlights
One of the widest ranging abiotic stresses in world agriculture arises from low iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn) availability in calcareous soils, in cereals (Berg et al, 1993; Palmiter and Findley, 1995)
Due to deficiency of micronutrients such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), yield decline drastically. It limits more than macronutrients, but requirements of these plant nutrients are very less, but plants have self regulated mechanism, which secrete the phytosiderophore (PS) and mobilize the lower concentration of these metals to soil solution for easy uptake by plants
Global studies initiated by the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) reported Zn deficiency in 50% of the soil samples collected from 25 countries (Hansen et al, 1996)
Summary
Influence of phytosiderophore on iron and zinc uptake and rhizospheric microbial activity. Due to deficiency of micronutrients such as iron (Fe) and zinc (Zn), yield decline drastically. It limits more than macronutrients, but requirements of these plant nutrients are very less, but plants have self regulated mechanism, which secrete the phytosiderophore (PS) and mobilize the lower concentration of these metals to soil solution for easy uptake by plants. Higher amount of carbon containing organic compounds enhanced the microbial activities in rhizosphere and alter the plant nutrient chemistry in soil. This article discussed the importance of PS in microbial activity in soil and nutrient uptake mechanism in plants
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