Abstract
In this study we assayed on antimicrobial activity of peel, pulp, waxy coating of Benincasa hispida. Various parts of the plant are reported as antibacterial agents worldwide. Leaves, flower, root, seed are the most studied elements as antibacterial agent. Some fruits are also proved as antibacterial agent and used as herbal medicine as well as nutritional supplements during disease. Different parts of mature and immature winter melon fruits were extracted with different organic solvents viz., methanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform. These extracts were subjected to test against selected pathogenic bacterial (Bacillus subtilis IFO 3026, Sarcina lutea IFO 3232, Xanthomonas campestris IAM 1671, Escherichia coli iw 3310 IFO 3007, Pseudomonas denitrificans KACC 32026, and fungal (Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger KTCC 1700, Collectotrichum melongenae) strains using the well diffusion method. The waxy coating and peel of mature fruit of B. hispida extracts has strong antibacterial activities than immature fruit. In these cases, the minimum inhibitory concentration was 128 μg/ml. Ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of waxy coating of B. hispida showed inhibition rate against fungal infection 43% and 33%, respectively against F. oxysporum but there is no inhibition against A. niger, C. melongenae. These results suggested that. So, the B. hispida would be a potential source that may help to develop natural antimicrobial agents. Key words: Antibacterial, a fruit, winter melon, infectious, extracts, minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC).
Highlights
The common agricultural products are rice, wheat, jute, tea, cotton, sugarcane, flower, vegetables, fishes and seed development, livestock, horticulture are main agricultural sectors
At the concentration of 4.096 μg/μl, the methanol extract of waxy coating showed zone of inhibition against B. subtilis IFO 3026, S. lutea IFO 3232, X. campestris IAM 1671, E. coli iw 3310 IFO 3007, P. denitrificans KACC 32026 were 15.6 mm, 16.4 mm, 15.6 mm, 16.8 mm, 15.7 mm, respectively
Peel extract of mature fruit produced zone of inhibition against these strains 15.3 mm, 14.9 mm, 13.2 mm, 16.2 mm and 13.5 mm, respectively whereas immature fruit extract showed inhibition in the diameter 11.5 mm, 11.2 mm and 12.1 mm against S. lutea IFO 3232, X. campestris IAM 1671, E. coli iw 3310 IFO 3007 but B. subtilis, P. denitrificans were not inhibited by methanol extract of immature fruit (Figures 1 and 2)
Summary
The common agricultural products are rice, wheat, jute, tea, cotton, sugarcane, flower, vegetables, fishes and seed development, livestock, horticulture are main agricultural sectors. Microbial contamination is one of the most alarming causes of agricultural production. According to the Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), pests and diseases are responsible for about 25% of crop loss (Sheahan and Barrett, 2017). To solve this issue, new methods are needed to detect diseases and pests early such as novel sensors that detect plant.
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