Abstract
The presence of genetic variation in plant populations is useful for conservation and use in breeding programs. This study was conducted to estimate the extent and patterns of genetic diversity among 200 sorghum accessions collected from different parts of Ethiopia and preserved in a gene bank. Using 39 polymorphic simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers, which were previously mapped, 261 alleles were produced with mean 6.7 alleles per SSR. Polymorphism Information Content (PIC) and Dice’s similarity coefficient values ranged from 0.06 to 0.81 and from 0.062 to 0.96, respectively. Hierarchical clustering using UPGMA analysis revealed three major clusters with no clear distinction among geographical origins. Moreover, analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) indicated that the majority of the variation (99.62%) observed was attributed to differences among accessions and only a small fraction of the total variation (0.38%) was related to regions of original collection, which may indicate that geographical origin is not a useful guide to follow for germplasm collection. Rather, agro-ecological classifications may be better for collection mission. Furthermore, crossing of accessions from the three distant clusters could result in promising genotypes for use as varieties or parents for the future breeding programs. Key words: Allele, cluster, genetic variability, polymorphism information content, sorghum, SSR.
Highlights
IntroductionSorghum is the fifth most important cereal globally and is a staple for millions of people in Africa and South East Asia (Ejeta and Grenier, 2005)
The analysis of simple sequence repeat (SSR) products in this study showed fragment lengths similar to that reported in the earlier studies (Table 2)
The 39 SSR markers produced a total of 261 alleles among the 200-sorghum accessions
Summary
Sorghum is the fifth most important cereal globally and is a staple for millions of people in Africa and South East Asia (Ejeta and Grenier, 2005). It is used for food, feed, construction and bioenergy. In Ethiopia, the grain is used for various purposes including the preparation of traditional foods in the form of different recipes, for the preparation of local beverages, and the straw is used as animal feed, for fuel and for construction It is the second most important cereal in the country next to tef and maize (CSA, 2012)
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