English

Ahmed Ali Murna,Imade Godwin,Anthony Augustine Ujeh,Mankolar Patricia,Achenbach Chad,Julius Okojokwu Ocheme,Solomon Sagay Atiene,Ajeanejo-Okopi Joseph

doi:10.5897/ajmr2020.9396

Abstract

Production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) can lead to treatment failures when the antibiotics are used. This study detected ESBLs genes on Multidrug Resistant Escherichia coli from HIV-infected individuals attending some hospitals in Jos. Eighty (80) isolates of multidrug resistant (MDR) E. coli were screened for plasmids. ESBLs genes including bla-CTX, bla-TEM and bla-SHV were detected on the plasmids using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) with 100 bp DNA ladder as DNA molecular weight marker. Out of the total 38 plasmids tested, ESBLs genes occurred in 13 (34.21%), with the bla-TEM dominating [7 (53.85%)] over the bla-CTX [4 (30.77%)].  Two (15.38%) of the isolates carried both genes. None of the isolates carried the bla-SHV gene in our study. All the strains showed resistance to SXT, AMC and CTX. Resistance was most frequently observed against SXT (13), AMC (13), CTX (13), CFM (12), F (8), NA (6), GN (5), CRO (4), OFX (2) and CIP (1). None of the ESBLs-bearing strains showed resistance to IPM. Result showed 34.21% prevalence of ESBLs and suggested the need to be more cautious with the clinical use of third generation Cephalosporins especially for the treatment of acute infections caused by E. coli due to the high resistance recorded.   Key words: Extended spectrum beta-lactamase, resistance genes, antimicrobial, plasmids, Escherichia coli, HIV-infected, Jos. &nbsp

Highlights

The infections caused by antibiotic resistant microorganisms, may be very difficult to treat due to limited choices of antibiotics
The most frequent plasmid having a molecular weight of 12.371 kbp occurred in 11 of the isolates, three of which bear the Extended-spectrum betalactamases (ESBLs) genes
No significant correlation exist between plasmid copies and number of antibiotics resisted (r= 0.295, P= 0.072)

Summary

Introduction

The infections caused by antibiotic resistant microorganisms, may be very difficult to treat due to limited choices of antibiotics. Beta-lactamases are enzymes that are major cause of bacterial resistance to the beta-lactam family of antibiotics such as penicillins, cephalosporins, cephamycins, and carbapenems. Extended-spectrum betalactamases (ESBLs) are derived from the narrowspectrum beta-lactamases (TEM-1, TEM-2, or SHV-1) by mutations that alter the amino acid configuration around the enzyme active site (Bajpai et al, 2017). They mediate resistance to all penicillins, third generation cephalosporins (e.g. ceftazidime, cefotaxime, and ceftriaxone) and aztreonam, but not to cephamycins (cefoxitin and cefotetan) and carbapenems (Bonnet, 2004)

Methods

Results

Conclusion