Abstract
Three factors as isotopic composition, the temperature and pH value of water were analyzed in experiments with prognosis of primary hydrosphere and possible conditions for origin of first organic forms in hot mineral water with HDO. For this aim the authors performed experiments with hot mineral and seawater from Bulgaria, and water with varying content of deuterium using IR-, and DNES-spectroscopy. As model systems were used cactus juice of Echinopsis pachanoi and Mediterranean jellyfish Cotylorhiza tuberculata . There were discussed the reactions of condensation and dehydration occurring in alkaline aqueous solutions at 65–95 0 C and рН = 9–10, resulting in synthesis from separate molecules larger organic molecules as polymers and short polypeptides, as well as were predicted the possible mechanisms of the deuterium accumulation in form of HDO in hot water. It was shown that hot alkaline mineral water with temperature from +65 0 C to +95 0 C and pH value from 9 to 11 is more suitable for the origination of life and living matter than other analyzed water samples. The pH value of seawater on contrary is limited to the range of 7.5 to 8.4 units. Two common local maximums were observed in the IR-spectra of jellyfish and seawater, which were more pronouncedly expressed in IR-spectra of jellyfish. In hot mineral waters the local maximums in IR-spectra are more manifested compared to the local maximums obtained in IR-spectra of the same water at a lower temperature. The difference in the local maximums from +20 0 C to +95 0 C at each 5 0 C according to Student t -criterion – p < 0.05. These data indicate that the origination of life and living matter depends on the structure and physical chemical properties of water, as well as its temperature and pH value. Keywords : deuterium, hydrosphere, evolution, origin of life, IR-spectroscopy.
Highlights
Previous biological experiments with D2O and structural-conformational studies with deuterium substituted molecules, performed by us, enable to modelling conditions under which the first living forms of life might be evolved (Ignatov & Mosin, 2013a; Ignatov & Mosin, 2013b; Ignatov & Mosin, 2013c)
The most interesting biological phenomenon is the ability of some microorganisms to grow on heavy water (D2O) media in which all hydrogen atoms are replaced with deuterium (Ignatov & Mosin, 2013a; Ignatov & Mosin, 2013b; Kushner et al, 1999)
Results of IR-spectroscopy with device Infra Spec VFA-IR show that at 4.1 μm, even at low concentrations of deuterium of 0.35 and 0.71%, there is observed a decline in the local maximums relative to the local maximum of 100% pure water
Summary
Previous biological experiments with D2O and structural-conformational studies with deuterium substituted molecules, performed by us, enable to modelling conditions under which the first living forms of life might be evolved (Ignatov & Mosin, 2013a; Ignatov & Mosin, 2013b; Ignatov & Mosin, 2013c). The processes accompanying accumulation of deuterium in the hydrosphere are solar radiation, volcanic geothermal processes and electric discharges in the atmosphere. These natural processes could lead to the enrichment of the hydrosphere by deuterium in the form of HDO which evaporates more slowly than H2O, and condenses faster. If this is true, this is a significant fact regarding thermal stability of deuterated macromolecules in the preservation of life under thermal conditions, because chemical bonds with participation of deuterium are somewhat stronger than those ones formed of hydrogen
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