Abstract
Within the context of precision agriculture, the use of automatic guidance is without a doubt one of the most popular tools among farmers, however, are few producers of peanuts using this technology, the benefits from this technology can bring significant gains for culture even more when thinking about reducing the indices of losses in the digging. Thus, it objective was to evaluate the variability of quantitative losses of peanut mechanized digging with use the autopilot, using the Statistical Process Control. The treatments consisted of absence of autopilot use in sowing and digging, pilot's absence at sowing and presence in the digging, pilot use at sowing and absence in the digging and the pilot use in sowing and digging. In each treatment, 15 points of each variable was collected from distance of 50 m apart. Visible, invisible and total losses in the digging and parallelism were evaluated. The reduction of the plant material on the vibratory mat affected the levels of visible losses. Total losses are strongly correlated with the invisible losses. The use of the autopilot allows the operator to pay more attention to the digging operation improving the quality of the operation. The average error found between passes of the mechanized set using autopilot was 0.35 m. The variability of the losses as well as of parallelism was reduced when using the autopilot in two operations, providing a higher quality process. Key words: RTK (Real Time Kinematic), automatic guidance, precision agriculture, statistical process control.
Highlights
South central region of Brazil is a place where peanuts are mostly sown, especially, São Paulo is the foundation where approximately 110 thousand hectares of peanut are grown
Within the context of precision agriculture, the use of automatic guidance is without a doubt one of the most popular tools among farmers, are few producers of peanuts using this technology, the benefits from this technology can bring significant gains for culture even more when thinking about reducing the indices of losses in the digging
Independent of region, the production results are directly affected by losses during the dug up, in most cases due to excess maturation caused by harvest delay, which encourages the weakening of gynophore and the pods are retained in the soil
Summary
South central region of Brazil is a place where peanuts are mostly sown, especially, São Paulo is the foundation where approximately 110 thousand hectares of peanut are grown. Several studies used the SPC as a tool to assess the quality of the mechanical harvesting process and demonstrate a potential tool to be applied in agriculture (Noronha et al, 2011; Chioderoli et al, 2012; Bertonha et al, 2014; Voltarelli et al, 2015), mainly because of the possibility of correcting failed points, which considerably increases the final quality of the process, as well as the net return to agricultural activity From that exposed, it presupposes that the losses in mechanical harvesting of peanuts have temporal variability that can be reduced with the use of automatic guidance, which is aimed at evaluating the quality of digging mechanized peanuts with and without the use of autopilot at sowing and digging, using the losses as quality indicators through statistical process control techniques
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