Abstract
Aqueous solutions containing salts are of increasing importance in separation and purification processes in chemical engineering. For example, the addition of an organic solvent to the aqueous solution of a salt normally decreases the solubility of the salt, which is called “salting out effect”. Therefore, investigations of the physicochemical properties of inorganic salts in organic solvents + water, such as solubility data together with density, refractive index and so on, are of great scientific importance. For instance, much research has been done on the physicochemical properties of NaCl/KCl + alcohol + H2O systems. Gomis et al. investigated the ternary systems of alcohol (propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol, pentan-2-ol, pentan-3-ol, 2-methylbutan-2-ol, 2-methylbutan-1-ol, and pentan-1-ol) + MCl (M = Na, K) + water at 298.15 K.1–4 Galleguillos et al.5 reported the solubilities, densities, and refractive indices of systems NaCl/KCl + ethanol + H2O at different temperatures. Some researchers focused on the study of systems that include alkali nitrates. For example, reported were the solubility, refractive index, density, electrical conductivity and viscosity of NaNO3 + H2O + poly(ethylene glycol),6 KNO3 + H2O + propan-2-ol,7 and LiNO3 in organic solvent (methanol, ethanol, propan-1-ol, propan-2-ol and butan-1-ol).8
Highlights
Aqueous solutions containing salts are of increasing importance in separation and purification processes in chemical engineering
As a continuation of our work in this field, this paper presents the systematic study we carried out on the properties, including solubility, density and refractive index of the ternary systems of NaNO3/KNO3/RbNO3/CsNO3 + glycerol [CH3CH(OH)CH2OH] + H2O at 35 and 45 °C
We present a simple method for analysing the composition of the ternary systems by combining the refractive index and density
Summary
Aqueous solutions containing salts are of increasing importance in separation and purification processes in chemical engineering. By using a homemade research device for phase equilibrium, the equilibrium solubility of the alkali nitrates (NaNO3/KNO3/RbNO3/CsNO3) in the mixed solvent glycerol [HOCH2CH(OH)CH2OH] + H2O in the mass fraction range of glycerol (0.0 to 1.0) at 35 and 45 °C was measured.
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