Abstract
The analgesic activities of the aqueous extract of Carpolobia lutea was evaluated in mice and rats using the mouse writhing, tail flick and formalin induced pain tests. Analgesic studies were performed using three models; mouse writhing assay, formalin test and tail flick assay. The extract (1500 to 2500 mg/kg) and acetylsalicylic acid (100 mg/kg) produced a significant (P<0.05) inhibition of the second phase in the formalin pain model, while the antinoceptive effect was not produced in the first phase. The extract also showed a dose dependent inhibition of acetic acid induced abdominal writhings. The tail flick latency was not enhanced by the extract. Oral administration of the extract up to 2500 mg/kg did not produce any toxic effects in the acute toxicity studies in mice. The LD50 of the extract when administered orally was 3338.83 mg/kg. The data obtained shows that C. lutea posseses analgesic activity that is peripherally mediated. Key words: Antinoceptive, Carpolobia lutea, LD50, pain model.
Highlights
The exploitation of plants for medicines has a long and honourable history, since at one time all drugs were obtained from natural sources
The experimental data on the study of the analgesic activity of C. lutea extract are summarized in Tables 1 to 3
In the mouse writhing assay, the extract was found to inhibit the acetic induce writhing in mice in dose dependent manner (Table 1). It effectively reduced the pain induced by acetic acid
Summary
The exploitation of plants for medicines has a long and honourable history, since at one time all drugs were obtained from natural sources. Don (Polygalaceae) is a shrub measuring up to 15ft high (Hutchinson and Dalziel, 1954) and is widely distributed in West and Central areas of Tropical Africa (Mitaine–Offer et al, 2002). It is known by various names such as cattle stick (English), Abekpok Ibuhu (Eket), Ikpafum, Ndiyan, Nyayanga (Ibibio), Angalagala (Igbo) and Egbo oshunshun (Yoruba) (Ettebong and Nwafor, 2009). Whereas much work has been done on the antimicrobial activities of this plant, there is no documented record on the analgesic activity of the root of C. lutea. This study seeks to determine the analgesic properties of the roots of C. lutea
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