Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and type of microbial contamination, associated with contact lenses and lens care accessories used by a group of contact lens wearers. Results show that a total of 178 strains were isolated, including, 100 Gram positive and 78 Gram negative bacteria. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were the most common microorganisms isolated (25.281 and 13.483% respectively. 24 P. aeruginosa were isolated from lenses and eyes of contact lens and non-contact lens wearers. All isolates were susceptible to the tested aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones. Aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin) were more efficient than β-lactams. 91.67% of the strains had intermediate-resistant to cefotaximee; 4.17% were resistant and 4.17% were sensitive to Cefotaximee. 95.83% of the strains were sensitive, while 4.17% were resistant to Imipenem. 20.83 and 12.5% of P. aeruginosa strains were resistant and sensitive to Ceftriaxone respectively, while 66.67% were moderately-resistant to ceftriaxone of the β-lactam class. All isolates were sensitive to the other tested β-lactam.
Highlights
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and type of microbial contamination, identify the contaminants associated with contact lenses and lens care accessories used by a group of contact lens wearers and to evaluate the resistance or susceptibility of P. aeruginosa, which is the most common pathogen in contact lens keratitis and corneal ulcer to different antibiotic regimens
Results show that a total of 178 strains were isolated including 100 Gram positive and 78 Gram negative bacteria
It was reported that P. aeruginosa was the most common contaminant of contact lenses but as asymptomatic subjects were analyzed during the study, the results in show that S. epidermidis was the highest number of all the isolate 45 (25.28%) (Table 1)
Summary
For more than 20 years, many researchers have worked toward understanding why the corneas of contact lens wearers are more susceptible to infection (Evans et al., 2007; Willcox, 2007; Pearlman et al, 2008; Fleiszig et al, 2006; Maltseva, 2007 and Fleiszig and Evans, 2010).Several decades of research and some major advances in lens and solution technology have not resulted in a decline in disease incidence (Fleiszig and Evans, 2010).Contact lens wear continues to be a significant risk factor for the development of acute sight-threatening corneal infections (microbial keratitis) as reported (Green et al, 2008a; Ibrahim et al, 2009; Edwards et al, 2009; Stapleton et al, 2008). Devonshire et al (1993) reported that the problem in contact lens wear was the presence of bacteria and other microorganisms; because some contact lens wearers had developed microbial keratitis.Martins et al (2002) observed the presence of fungi, parasites and bacteria in contact lens swabs cultures. Contact lens wear continues to be a significant risk factor for the development of acute sight-threatening corneal infections (microbial keratitis) as reported (Green et al, 2008a; Ibrahim et al, 2009; Edwards et al, 2009; Stapleton et al, 2008). Devonshire et al (1993) reported that the problem in contact lens wear was the presence of bacteria and other microorganisms; because some contact lens wearers had developed microbial keratitis. It has been reported that the environment, the type of contact lens (CL), the duration of wear, and the type of CL cleansing solution determined the microbial load on the contact lenses (Iskeleli et al, 2002; Lee and Lim, 2003). Staphylococcuss epidermidis, Staphylococcuss aureus, Enterobacter and Pseudomonas species found in healthy eyes, were observed on soft contact lenses of healthy persons (Sankaridurg et al, 2000)
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