Abstract
Hepatoprotective effect of Garcinia kola seed extract on oxidative stress and hepatotoxicity biomarkers of rats exposed to antitubercular drugs was investigated to evaluate its potential to ameliorate drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Six groups of five animals each were used. Combination of Isoniazid (7.5 mg/kg bodyweight) and Rifampicin (10 mg/kg bodyweight) was administered intraperitoneally to a group. Drug combination was co-administered with G. kola seed extracts (40, 60 and 80 mg/kg bodyweight) to three other groups for 35 days. Control group received saline and the last group received G. kola alone (60 mk/kg bodyweight). Plasma oxidative stress biomarkers (superoxide dismutase, glutathione, glutathione peroxidase, catalase and malondialdehyde) and hepatotoxicity biomarkers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase) were assayed after treatment. The antitubercular drugs significantly increased levels of hepatotoxicity biomarkers. The increase was mitigated by treatment with G. kola, with reduction in levels of the hepatotoxicity biomarkers upon G. kola co-administration. Similarly, the antitubercular drugs reduced the activities of oxidative stress biomarkers. Histomorphological analysis of the liver showed that the G. kola extract administered at 60 mg/kg offered significant protection from exposure to the hepatotoxic drugs. The study concluded that G. kola extract at 60 mg/kg significantly protected the animals from the damages occasioned by exposure to hepatotoxic antitubercular drugs. Key words: Isoniazid, rifampicin, tuberculosis, hepatotoxicity, hepatoprotection, histomorphology.
Highlights
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health concern worldwide
alkaline phosphatase (ALP), ALT, AST and bilirubin levels in the plasma were assayed using assay kits and reagents utilizing principles based on methods as described by German Society for Clinical Chemistry (DGKC)
This study demonstrates the hepatoprotective effect of G
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) remains a major health concern worldwide. A third of the world’s population is infected with TB, and in 2012, there were around 1.3 million TB-related deaths worldwide Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an ancient pathogen in humans, having been associated with humans since antiquity (Leung et al, 2013). M. tuberculosis attacks the lungs mainly, but can affect other parts of the body when the microbes gain entry into the bloodstream from an area of damaged tissue. TB – a contagious and air borne disease affecting young adults mostly in their productive years, ranks the second leading cause of death from an infectious disease worldwide The bacteria spread through the air when people who have an active TB infection cough, sneeze or otherwise transmit their saliva through the air (Konstantinos, 2010)
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