Abstract
The acid mine drainage (AMD) was poured into five 500 ml glass beakers. The samples were dosed with synthetic af-PFCl of Ca(OH)2 and af-PFCl of CaCO3 polymers respectively. The samples were treated in a jar test and a shaker at 250 rpm for 2 min, and thereafter were allowed to settle for an hour after which the pH, conductivity and turbidity (TSS) were measured. A similar second set of experiments was conducted by placing the samples in a shaker at 250 rpm for 2 min, after which three measurements were conducted after 1, 2 and 6 h. Similar third and fourth set of experiments was conducted dosing the AMD with 0.043 M of Ca2+ in Ca(OH)2, and 0.043 M Ca2+ in CaCO3 respectively. A fifth set of experiment was conducted by dosing the AMD sample with 0.021 and 0.043 M Ca2+ in Ca(OH)2 respectively and treated in a jar test, shaker and without mixing. The synthetic acid free PFCl of Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3 exhibited a high TSS removal efficiency. Both polymers also show a similarly identical TSS removal efficiency, which depict Fe3+ ions as the principal role player during destabilization-hydrolysis. Effective sedimentation of the turbid materials in the AMD sample with af-PFCl polymers of both Ca(OH)2 or CaCO3 occurs after 2 h of settling. The TSS removal values in the AMD sample which were treated in a shaker at 200 rpm are slightly lower than those treated in a jar test at 200 rpm. The residual TSS values in the AMD samples stirred at 350 rpm during rapid mixing are slightly higher compared to those stirred at 200 rpm rapid mixing. Key words: Drainage, shaking, settling, pH, turbidity.
Highlights
Wastewater treatment is a process which is very essential, more especially during this era where climate change affects the entire ecosystem
The preliminary reaction such as destabilizationhydrolysis is an attribute to the concentration of the H+ ions to suppress the pH of the solution
The pH of the Acid mine drainage (AMD) sample (2.56) treated in the present study shows a high concentration of FeS2, a main pollutant in AMD
Summary
Wastewater treatment is a process which is very essential, more especially during this era where climate change affects the entire ecosystem. The treatment process includes the removal of particulate matter from the colloidal suspension to meet the requirements where it can be re-used. Acid mine drainage (AMD), is the type of wastewater which requires a very intensive research and understanding. This is because it is caused by a naturally occurring compound, namely pyrite (FeS2), which could not be prevented or avoided. Mining is not the cause of pyrite formation, but it only exposes it to oxygen and water during and after excavation to form acidic solution. The reaction that takes place during the oxidation of pyrite is shown in Equation (1)
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