Abstract
Fifty seven Rhizobium isolates were retrieved based on infection method from different faba bean growing areas of North and South Gondar, Ethiopia. In sand culture, only 35.5% of isolates showed nodulation. Analyses of variance indicated that inoculation of isolates improved tested traits significantly (p< 0.05) at all measured investigated parameters such as shoot length, shoot dry weight, and plant total nitrogen as 11, 28 and 31.3%, respectively, over nitrogen treated plants, 2, 10 and 29.4% respectively over standard Rhizobium and 55, 82.3 and 85.7% respectively over negative control treatments. Shoot dry weight was found to be strongly positively correlated with symbiotic effectiveness (r = 0.994, P <0.01). Based on symbiotic effectiveness, 80% of the tested isolates were found to be highly effective, 13% effective and only one isolate less effective. Therefore, there is a need for detail study of effective isolates tested under field conditions and molecular characterization for better classification. Key words: Authentication, Legumes, Nitrogen fixation, Rhizobium, total nitrogen.
Highlights
Ethiopia is home to about a dozen species of tropical grain legumes that are extensively grown in many parts of the country contributing the major diet both in rural and urban population
The color formation is due to the utilization of the sugar component of the medium for their growth. This finding is similar with the previous work of Mulisa and Fassil (2011) indicating that many Rhizobium strains isolated from each sampling field of Northern Ethiopia were fast growing and acid producing
Inoculation of isolates significantly increased at all investigated parameters such as, number of nodules per plant, nodule fresh weight, nodule dry mass, shoot dry weight, shoot length, root biomass, plant total nitrogen and symbiotic effectiveness as compared to the standard and control treatments
Summary
Ethiopia is home to about a dozen species of tropical grain legumes that are extensively grown in many parts of the country contributing the major diet both in rural and urban population. Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is an annual grain legume widely cultivated, which serves as foods for human and animal nutrition in many countries, since it is rich in protein, minerals and vitamins (Tekle et al, 2016). Cultivation of faba bean plays important roles in maintaining sustainable agriculture system in many marginal areas; due to its high nutritional value, multiple uses and ability to grow over a wide range of climatic and soil conditions. Faba bean is a dominant pulse crop in Ethiopia in terms of area coverage and amount of production (CSA, 2014), its average yield under small holder farmers is not more than 1.6 t ha-1 (CSA, 2013) due to lack of improved varieties, insects/pests and diseases. Ethiopia is considered as the secondary center of diversity and one of the nine major agrogeographical production regions of faba bean.
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