Abstract
Optimum nitrogen fertilization from the right source is the most important production factors for higher grain yield of wheat. Study to investigate the effect of type and rate of Nitrogen fertilizer on yield of bread Wheat was conducted in Ofla and Endamehoni districts of northern Ethiopia in 2017 and 2018 main cropping season. The treatments consists four levels of different sources of nitrogen fertilizer (Prilled urea, granular urea, urea super granule and UREAstabil) each with three application rates (46, 69 and 92 kg N ha−1) and one control (without any N fertilizer application) laid down in a randomized complete block design replicated three times. Grain yield of was affected significantly to the application rates and source of nitrogen fertilizer at Adigolo and Mekan districts of Ofla and Endamehoni respectively. The highest grain yield of 5.11 and 4.08 tha-1 was obtained from application 92 and 69 kg N ha-1 of UREAstabil at Adigolo and Mekan districts respectively. In both Adigolo and Mekan districts, grain yield of wheat showed that a linear increase with increasing rate of N fertilize while, application of 46 kg N ha-1 from UREAstabil reaches optimum agronomicaly and economically for the study areas. Key words: Prilled urea, super granular urea, granular urea, UREAstabil.
Highlights
Wheat is one of the most important cereals cultivated in Ethiopia
Selected soil physico-chemical properties of the experimental sites were analyzed for composite surface soil (0-20 cm) samples collected from each replication before planting
The electrical conductivity (EC) ranged from 0.08 to 0.099 dSm−1 for Adigolo and Mekan areas respectively indicating that these soils have a low content of soluble salts and that there is no danger of salinity in the study areas (Tekalign et al, 1991)
Summary
Wheat is one of the most important cereals cultivated in Ethiopia. Wheat ranks 4th after Teff, maize and sorghum and 3rd in total grain production after maize and teff and 2nd in yield to maize. More than 4.22 million farmers cultivate it (CSA, 2017). The low yield of wheat in Ethiopia is primarily due to depleted soil fertility (Asnakew et al, 1991) little or no addition of fertilizers (Asnakew et al, 1991; Amsal et al, 1997), unavailability of other modern crop management inputs (Asnakew et al, 1991), soil degradation (Stahl, 1990), poor rainfall distribution and wheat diseases (ICARDA, 2013). Managing soil fertility is crucial for improving agricultural productivity in Ethiopia.
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