Abstract
Submergence is one of the major constraints to rice production in many rice growing areas in the world. The Sub1A gene has been demonstrated to dramatically improve submergence tolerance in rice. Here, we report the identification of a novel submergence response (RS1) gene that is specifically induced in the Sub1A-mediated submergence tolerance response. Under submergence, RS1 was upregulated in M202 (Sub1A) but downregulated in M202 in RNA-seq and microarray assays. Expression analyses of various tissues and developmental stages show that RS1 mRNA levels are high in leaves and sheaths, but low in roots, stems, and panicles. Our results also show that RS1 is highly expressed under submergence, drought, and NaCl stresses, but not under cold or dehydration stress. Hormone ABA treatment induces, whereas GA treatment decreases, RS1 expression. The RS1 and Sub1A genes are co-regulated under submergence. Overexpression of RS1 in transgenic Kitaake (without Sub1A) and M202(Sub1A)×Kitaake do not result in enhanced submergence tolerance. Conversely, down-regulation of RS1 in M202(Sub1A)×Kitaake lead to weaken submergence tolerance. We hypothesize that RS1 may play a role in the Sub1A-mediated submergence tolerance pathway. Key word: Rice (Oryza sativa L.), submergence, RNA-seq, Sub1A, abiotic stress.
Highlights
Submergence is one of main environmental stresses to rice growth and productivity in large rice-growing areas, especially in the flood-prone rainfed lowlands in South and Southeast Asia, where it regularly affects about 15 to 20 million hectares of rice land
The results show that the Submergence response (RS1) levels were significantly increased both in M202 and M202 (Sub1A) upon 1-aminocyclopropane-1carboxylic acid (ACC) treatment compared to untreated controls (Figure 4a)
RS1, a gene differentially expressed between M202 and M202(Sub1A) under submergence, was identified by both RNA-seq and microarray assays
Summary
Submergence is one of main environmental stresses to rice growth and productivity in large rice-growing areas, especially in the flood-prone rainfed lowlands in South and Southeast Asia, where it regularly affects about 15 to 20 million hectares of rice land. Rice is well adapted to aquatic environments, submergence causes annual losses of over US $1 billion in Asia (Xu et al., 2006). Some indica cultivars, such as FR13A, can survive 10 to 14 days of complete submergence and renew growth after the floods recede. Sub1A was identified as the major gene conferring submergence tolerance in FR13A (Xu et al, 2006). Sub1A, an AP2/ERF transcription factor, was mapped on chromosome 9 and subsequently isolated from FR13A.
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