Abstract
Chlorophytum borivilianum Sant. et Fernand. is an endangered herb, the tuberous roots of which are source of medicinally important steroidal saponins. In the present study, propagation of C. borivilianum using a bench top stirred bioreactor with liquid medium via multiple shoot culture has been reported. One week old shoots along with shoot base part (1.5 cm) obtained from shoots regenerated in vitro in liquid medium shake flasks containing 22.2 µM 6-benzylaminopurine, were used as explants. An inoculum density of 120 explants/2.5 L liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 22.2 µM 6-benzylaminopurine was found optimal for shoot growth. After three weeks of culture, 4.4-fold increase in biomass (fresh weight) was obtained. Shoots regenerated in bioreactor were rooted ex vitro on three-fourth strength liquid MS medium supplemented with 9.8 µM indole-3-butyric acid. Plantlets with 100% rooting of microshoots were hardened and established in the glasshouse with 85% survival rate. Due to rapid and efficient propagation in bioreactor with high survival rate, this protocol may be employed for conservation and large-scale multiplication of C. borivilianum . Keywords: Bioreactor, Chlorophytum borivilianum , hyperhydricity, saponins, shoot culture African Journal of Biotecnology , Vol 13(17), 1772-1778
Highlights
Chlorophytum borivilianum commonly known as safed musli is a monocotyledonous plant.Tuberous roots of safed musli contain steroidal saponins that are used as tonic and aphrodisiac (Kaushik, 2005; Tandon et al, 1992; Deore and Khadabadi, 2010).Saponins possess anti-tumour activity (Kumar et al., 2010)
Large-scale plant tissue culture using bioreactors is promising for industrial plant propagation
Many plants especially medicinal plants have been mass-propagated in the liquid medium using bioreactors (Paek et al, 2005; Mehrotra et al, 2007)
Summary
Chlorophytum borivilianum commonly known as safed musli (family Liliaceae) is a monocotyledonous plant.Tuberous roots of safed musli contain steroidal saponins (neohecogenin, neotigogenin, stigmasterol, tokorogenin) that are used as tonic and aphrodisiac (Kaushik, 2005; Tandon et al, 1992; Deore and Khadabadi, 2010).Saponins possess anti-tumour activity (Kumar et al., 2010). Chlorophytum borivilianum commonly known as safed musli (family Liliaceae) is a monocotyledonous plant. Tuberous roots of safed musli contain steroidal saponins (neohecogenin, neotigogenin, stigmasterol, tokorogenin) that are used as tonic and aphrodisiac (Kaushik, 2005; Tandon et al, 1992; Deore and Khadabadi, 2010). Saponins possess anti-tumour activity (Kumar et al., 2010). They are used in the industrial production of sex hormones, corticosteroids and steroid derivatives. C. borivilianum has been used along with other plants such as Asparagus adscendens, A. racemosum, Curculigo orchioides and Withania somnifera in many herbal and Unani formulations (Thakur et al, 2009; Ramawat et al, 1988). Due to its therapeutic activity and diversified uses, there is demand for safed musli especially C. borivilianum in India
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