Abstract
Diallel crosses are important to the prediction of the best combinations among different heterotic groups of maize lines. The work objective was to estimate the combining ability among inbred lines from two heterotic groups to predict the best combinations in traits related to tassel and grain yield, conducted in five environments in the southern region. The inbred lines of the two heterotic groups are from the company KSP seeds. The tests were conducted based on crosses with partial diallel, using 15 female parents and male parents 8, 2011/2012 agricultural harvest in five environments in randomized blocks design with three replications. The variables analyzed were tassel length (TL), distance from the last node to the first branch of the tassel (DLN), distance from the flag leaf to the first branch of the tassel (DFL), number of tassel branches (NB), mass thousand grains (MTG) and grains yield (GY). The data were submitted the individual and joint variance analysis, after were realized analyze partial diallel analysis. The additive effects were more important for group II, already to the group I the non-additive effects were more pronounced, for the traits tassel and of yield. The GCA (group I) of lines inbred 15; 4 and 3-4 (group II) are favorable for increasing the grains yield. The crosses promising tassel traits been: 1-3, 2-4, 3-3, 4-4, 7-3, 8-3, 9-3, 10-3, 10-4, 11-4, 12-4, 14-3 and 15-4. The crosses promising increasing of grains yield been: 1-1, 1-4, 2-3, 3-1, 3-4, 4-3, 4-6, 4-7, 5-3, 5-4, 6-3, 6-4, 7-4, 8-4, 9-4, 10-5, 11-3, 12-3, 14-4, 15-2, 15-5 e 15-8. Key words: Combinatorial capacity, genic effect, diallel crosses, grain yield.
Highlights
Corn is one of the most cultivated cereal in the world; mainly due to its diversity of applications, both in food and feed, the crop promotes several agro-industrial complex, with great social and economic importance (Ku et al, 2010)
Diallel crosses are important to the prediction of the best combinations among different heterotic groups of maize lines
In order to predict the behavior of the parents, the diallel crosses are employed in the study of genetic parameters, in the combining ability and in the gene actions that are involved in the character expression
Summary
Corn is one of the most cultivated cereal in the world; mainly due to its diversity of applications, both in food and feed, the crop promotes several agro-industrial complex, with great social and economic importance (Ku et al, 2010). The success of a genetic breeding program is conditioned by the efficient choice of parents, which when crossed produce superior hybrids. In this sense, the diallel crosses have great importance in predicting the best heterotic combinations (Paterniani and Viegas, 1987; Hallauer et al, 2010; Cruz et al, 2012). In order to predict the behavior of the parents, the diallel crosses are employed in the study of genetic parameters, in the combining ability and in the gene actions that are involved in the character expression. The use of techniques, such as diallels, which are intended to assist breeders in identifying the parents/lines with higher combining ability in different heterotic groups (partial diallel) are of great importance for the development of elite hybrids, with competitiveness in the market
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