Abstract

Gamma oryzanol is a phytosterol that is extracted from rice bran oil. It is an antioxidant that possesses a curative effect for many diseases. Gamma oryzanol is a water insoluble compound supporting the idea that it has a low bioavailability due to low intestinal absorption. In this study, γ-oryzanol was loaded in biodegradable microspheres. Intestinal absorption of γ-oryzanol from microspheres was compared with that absorbed from triolein solution in rabbits. After oral administration of 150 mg/kg of body weight, plasma was collected at intervals and analyzed for γ-oryzanol content using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Results showed that the highest plasma concentration of γ-oryzanol, detected from triolein solution, was 6.37 ± 1.48 µg/ml, whereas the highest plasma concentration from γ-oryzanol microspheres was 130.30 ± 30.40 µg/ml. This concentration was significantly higher than the amount absorbed from triolein solution (p<0.01). In conclusion, microspheres offer an alternative dosage form for γ-oryzanol solution with improved bioavailability. Key words: Gamma oryzanol, solution, microspheres, bioavailability.

Highlights

  • Gamma oryzanol is a natural antioxidant that is extracted from rice bran oil

  • Rabbits were acclimatized for two weeks, receiving 100 g a day of standard commercial feed purchased from Federal Flour Mills (FFM) Berhad (Malaysia)

  • Plasma level increased gradually to reach 6.37 ± 1.48 μg/ml after 4 h (Figure 3), and this concentration was the maximum plasma level of γ-oryzanol that was detected from γ-oryzanol triolein solution

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Summary

Introduction

Gamma oryzanol is a natural antioxidant that is extracted from rice bran oil. Crude rice bran oil contains 1599 to 1666 mg γ-oryzanol per 100 g (Pattong and Parichat, 2014). It has been found that γ-oryzanol has a curative effect for many human diseases, such as improving the symptoms of dementia (Masahiko et al, 2018), enhancing glucose uptake by insulin-resistant cells (Chang et al, 2015), inhibition of platelet aggregation (Cicero and Gaddi, 2001), and reduction of plasma cholesterol level (Wilson et al, 2007). In a study on rats with colon cancer, it was found that γ-oryzanol has the capability to improve immunity by increasing the activity of both natural killer and macrophages cells (Kim et al, 2012).

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