Abstract
Genotype by environment interaction (G×E) obstructs breeding by persuading variations in genotype performance in different environments and thereby complicating selection. The aim of the present study was to determine the stability and yield performance of desi type chickpea varieties and advanced lines at multiple growing environments of western Ethiopia, using genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot analysis and AMMI model to find stable high yielding cultivar(s) and ratify for wider production. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. The analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated highly significant differences (P≤0.01) for environments, genotypes and importantly genotype by environment interaction (G×E). Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI) and GGE biplot, AMMI Stability Value (ASV) and Genotype Selection Index (GSI) indices indicate that Natoli (G8) variety and DZ-2012-CK-20113-2-0042 (G16) advanced lines showed better grain yield with better stability across environments and thus are recommended for wider production in test locations and similarly agro-ecologies in Ethiopia. Key words: Chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.), genotype-by-environment interaction (GGE) biplot, Additive main effects and multiplicative interactions (AMMI), AMMI stability value (ASV), genotype selection index (GSI), stability.
Highlights
Population growth, dwindling agricultural land, and climate change present increasing risks to crop production
The first principal component managed over 63% of the genotype by environment interaction (G×E) sum squares while the second principal component revealed 19% of the interaction, and the remaining 17% is due to residual and it is difficult to interpret and need to be discarded
The first IPCA-1 explaining 63% of the total genotype by environment interaction (G×E) was significant in the AMMI analysis of variance, demonstrating that the AMMI model-1 was the best fit for this data set
Summary
Population growth, dwindling agricultural land, and climate change present increasing risks to crop production. The impact of these factors can be sensed in a country like Ethiopia where the overall economic growth is heavily dependent on the success of th agriculture sector. It is the main food legume in the northern and central highlands of Ethiopia (Keneni et al, 2012). Annual production of 10.8464 tons has been recorded for 2015/2016 growing season of which 77.27% is used for home consumption (CSA, 2015)
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