Abstract
Cyathea spinulosa Wall. ex Hook. is a type genus of Cyatheaceae family. It is listed in endangered category of IUCN Red Data Book and also placed in Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species of Flora and Fauna (CITES) Appendix II. The spore germination, gametophyte morphogenesis and sporophyte rooting of Cyathea in response to 2.0% sucrose and three major growth hormones: Indole–3 acetic acid (IAA), indole–3 butyric acid (IBA) and naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was studied. The study was carried out at the tissue culture laboratory of Central Department of Botany, Tribhuvan University, Nepal. The spore of Cyathea was reared on Knop’s Basal Medium (KBM) with 2.0% sucrose after surface sterilization. The sporophyte was sub-cultured on medium with growth hormones IAA, IBA and NAA, each containing 1, 2 and 3 ppm concentrations. The study suggested that Cyathea exhibited bipolar germination and the gametophyte development was Adiantum type. The mature gametophyte was observed as heart shaped. Sex organs were not observed up to 24 weeks which indicates the development of apogamous sporophyte. The growth hormones affect the development of leaves and roots. The sporophyte containing three leaves and two roots was the best result obtained in KBM containing 1 ppm IAA. Key words: Cyatheaceae, Cyathea spinulosa, morphogenesis, Knop’s medium, growth hormones, apogamous sporogophyte.
Highlights
Cyathea spinulosa Wall. ex Hook. is a genus of Cyatheaceae family (Leptosporangiate of Pteridophyta), and well known for its excellent beauty for outdoor decoration
The objectives of this research were to observe the effect of 2% sugar concentration on the gametophyte morphogenesis in the spore germination and to investigate the effect of different growth hormones on in vitro rooting, and micropropagation of C. spinulosa
In Microsorium alternifolium and Microsorium scolopendria, maximum germination was reported on media containing 1.0% sucrose and glucose while in Melanophidium punctatum and Anisocampium cumingianum, highest percentage of spore germination was reported in 0.25 and 1.5% sucrose respectively (Joshi, 1977)
Summary
Cyathea spinulosa Wall. ex Hook. is a genus of Cyatheaceae family (Leptosporangiate of Pteridophyta), and well known for its excellent beauty for outdoor decoration. It has great afforestation value due to well adoptability to push the rhizome into barren soil, act as colonal of disturbed soil especially in water logged areas, shade beneath the fronds help in the establishment of other grass, the root system efficiently binds top soil, can be propagated by rhizome cutting and splitting (Gurung, 1992). It is economically important and the wood log is much in demand in orchid cultivation and for starch extraction (Khare et al, 2005).
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