Abstract
The whitefly Bemisia tabaci Genn. is an important pest worldwide because of its ability to cause damage by direct feeding and its role as a vector of plant viruses including geminiviruses. Yellow mosaic virus (MYV) is a serious disease of pulse crops including mungbean, blackgram, frenchbean, pigeonpea and soybean. Yellow mosaic diseases are one of the most important viral diseases in mungbean caused by mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) which lead to severe yield reduction and it necessitates development of MYMV resistant lines for improved crop yield. Basic studies were carried out to elucidate the characteristics of MYMV transmission by its vector, B. tabaci. Artificial transmission experiments with B. tabaci were conducted under greenhouse conditions using cylindrical nylon cages with wire mesh tops. After 24 h acquisition access period (ASP) on agroinfected mungbean plants, B. tabaci collected from these agroinfected mungbean plants were considered viruliferous and transferred to a separate cage with healthy mungbean plants as confirmed via agroinoculation. After 24 h inoculation access period (IAP), B. tabaci were removed and the plants were sprayed with an insecticide and kept for observations of symptom development for 10 to 25 days in insect cages. Studies concluded with mungbean accessions using ten whitefly adults with 24 h of ASP and IAP resulted in transmission of virus of 70.50, and percent in MYMVR 111 (At VA 221), MYMVR 29 (At VA 239) and MYMVR 29 (At VA 221) respectively. Ten viruliferous whitefly adults did not cause MYMV symptom in KMG 189 (At VA 221), ML818 (At VA 239) and MYMVR 57 (At VA 221). Twenty viruliferous whitefly adults were able to cause MYMV after 48 h ASP and 24 h IAP and resulted in the maximum transmission efficiency in MYMVR 55 (At VA 221) (85.00%) and MYMVR 55 (At VA 239) (83.50%). The virus was proven to be a persistent discrete fragment of 703 bp using the polymerase chain reaction method on viruliferous whitefly adults, while no bands were obtained from non-viruliferous B. tabaci adults reared on CO2 brinjal host. Key words: Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV), transmission, vector, Bemisia tabaci.
Highlights
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) is one of the most economically important pests in many tropical and subtropical regions (Bock, 1982)
Begomovirus is the largest genus of the family Geminiviridae (Dhakar et al, 2010) which is characterized by a pipartite genome or monopartite genomes that were transmitted in a circulative persistent manner by B. tabaci
This paper reports the molecular studies on transmission of Mungbean yellow mosaic virus (MYMV) by B. tabaci in mungbean and the development of a polymerase chain reaction-based technique to detect the virus from its insect vector
Summary
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci (Genn.) is one of the most economically important pests in many tropical and subtropical regions (Bock, 1982). This polyphagous pest can cause extensive damage in more than 500 species of agricultural and horticultural crops (Greathead, 1986). Begomovirus is the largest genus of the family Geminiviridae (Dhakar et al., 2010) which is characterized by a pipartite genome or monopartite genomes that were transmitted in a circulative persistent manner by B. tabaci. Plant viruses are responsible for a significant proportion of crop diseases (Prajapat et al, 2011) It causes serious economic losses in many major crops by reducing seed yield and quality (Kang et al, 2005)
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