Abstract
Cytochrome P450 1 (CYP1) is widely used as an indicator of exposure to environmental contaminants. In the study, two full-length complementary DNAs encode for CYP1B1 and CYP1C1 were cloned from medaka liver exposed to 500 ppb β-naphthoflavone for 24 h. CYP1B1, having 1984 bp, contains an open reading frame of 1551 bp encoding a protein of 517 amino acids; while, CYP1C1 having 2601 bp consists of an open reading frame of 1578 bp encoded for 525 amino acid residues. The highest levels of these CYP1 genes transcript were observed in intestine and the lowest in liver from the fish fed on fuel oil-contaminated feed. Javanese medaka CYP1B1 and CYP1C1 transcripts were detected in the gill, muscle and liver when transferred from seawater to freshwater with the highest level of expression in gill and muscle. Starvations for one week tended to down- regulate the Javanese medaka CYP1 expression. Key words: Cytochrome P450, Javanese medaka, salinity, starvation, heavy fuel oil, cloning, expression. 
Highlights
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) super family can be found in most organisms, including animals, plants, fungi, lower eukaryotes and bacteria(Bernhardt, 2006; Nebert and Dalton, 2006; Nelson, 2010)
We report on cDNA cloning and sequence analysis of the dominant isoforms of cytochrome P450 genes, CYP1B1 and
Real-time PCR results showed that the highest expression rates of the CYP1s gene from the Javanese medaka transcript in response to 1% heavy fuel oil-contaminated feed were observed in intestine, and the lowest in liver
Summary
Cytochrome P450 (CYP) super family can be found in most organisms, including animals, plants, fungi, lower eukaryotes and bacteria(Bernhardt, 2006; Nebert and Dalton, 2006; Nelson, 2010). (CYP1C1 and CYP1C2), while all non-mammalian vertebrates have only a single CYP1C1 (Goldstone et al., 2007) Given their various degree of responsiveness to pollutants, expression patterns of the CYP1A, CYP1B, and CYP1C genes in fish could become useful biomarkers in environmental monitoring (Jonsson et al, 2010). We report on cDNA cloning and sequence analysis of the dominant isoforms of cytochrome P450 genes, CYP1B1 and CYP1C1 from Javanese medaka exposed to 500 ppb BNF over a period of 24 h, and examined their level of inducibility by environmental stress factors in various fish organs using real-time PCR
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