Abstract
As well as many countries, in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), non-communicable diseases are becoming an epidemic health problem. Scientific studies prove that these diseases are related to the nutritional types adopted in the last decades and which could be predicted by control of metabolic biomarkers during lifespan. Saudi Arabia has experienced marked nutritional changes and rapid urbanization in recent decades and in parallel incidence of health problems such as diabetes, obesity, hypertension, and cancers increases. This research was carried out to study the influence of canteen food on some metabolic biomarkers within freshman students in Jazan. For that, students were asked to answer questionnaires about their consumption from the canteen, socio and economic status, frequency and quality of their meals and some daily habits. Also, some metabolic biomarkers; body mass index (BMI); total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL), high density lipoprotein (HDL), total protein (TP), albumin (Alb), triglyceride (TG), fasting blood glucose (FBG), uric acid (UA) and hemoglobin (Hb) levels were checked twice, at the first week of the first semester then again 14 weeks after. The results showed that these students eat regularly French fries, pizza and pasta. Sweets were consumed frequently and at high rates. However, vegetables and fruits were rarely consumed. For metabolic biomarkers, BMI and LD increased significantly. However, FBG, Alb, TP and HDL decreased significantly. As conclusion, our results proved that during freshman year, students’ health could be influenced and some health biomarkers could be changed. Key words: NCDs, nutrition, student, freshman, Saudi Arabia.
Highlights
During the last decades, non-communicable diseases (NCDs) become a threat to human health
Three important agreements could be concluded from all these studies; first, NCDs are due to changes in human life-style: nutrition, eating behavior and physical activities
Concerning their economic status, the results showed that 28% of the students are from lowincome families, 42.9% from middle-income families and 29.2% from high-income families (Table 1)
Summary
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) become a threat to human health. NCDs are generally caused by physiological dysfunctions. They include various numbers of diseases such as: diabetes, obesity, heart diseases, immune system diseases, neurological diseases and cancer (Yadav et al, 2016). The last decades, NCDs rate increases all over the world and becomes a public health threat. Many studies were interested in NCDs and reported that in general, these diseases are chronic, which cause disabilities for human, decrease his performance and are the principal cause of death (Goryakin et al, 2017). Three important agreements could be concluded from all these studies; first, NCDs are due to changes in human life-style: nutrition, eating behavior and physical activities. NCDs are supposed to start early, progressively and silently during human lifespan (Goryakin et al, 2017)
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