Abstract
Objective: To assesses the pattern of antibiotic utilization and outcome of patients with bacteremia in the hospital. METHODOLOGY: All positive blood cultures (BC) over a 12-months period from January-2012 to December-2012 were retrospectively review/ positive BC were recorded in 50patients received antibiotics before or soon after obtaining the BC and ceftriaxone was the most frequently- prescribed antibiotics (42.9%), either alone or in combination with other antibiotics. RESULTS: The bacteremia was due to gram-negative rods in 84.9% and gram-positive cocci in 15.1% cases. Most common gram-negative bacilli were E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae and Salmonella species while most common gram-positive cocci were Staphylococcus aureus. Antibiotics regimen was changed in 37% cases after BC results became available. Most frequent change was addition of meropenem in-case of gram-negative bacilli (29.6%) and vancomycin in gram-positive cocci (12.5%). Ten (18.5%) patients developed serious sepsis or septic shock; 3(30.0%) improved and 7 (70.0%0 had fatal outcome. CONCLUSION: Antibiotic selection needs to be tailor made for each patient. However, most bacteremia necessitating hospital admission is due to gram-negative bacilli and it should be considered in antibiotics selection prior to BC.
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