Abstract
In order to obtain a native isolate with high β-fructofuranosidase activity (FFase), a preliminary selection of 44 isolates, predominantly formed by Aspergillus niger (72%), was performed among 167 isolates of Aspergillus native to the Peruvian coast (Casa grande, Cartavio, Paramonga and Tacama). In addition, genetic diversity was studied using molecular markers, Inter Simple Sequence Repeats (ISSR). The FFase activity of these 44 isolates was compared and the isolate which showed the highest fructosyltransferase (FTase) activity was identified molecularly at the species level by DNA sequencing. Cluster analysis indicated 16 sub-genetic groups of which 11 of them were morphologically identified as Aspergillus niger. Samples from Paramonga showed the highest genetic diversity as explained by the Shannon diversity index (I= 0.21). No positive association was found between the genetic diversity of populations and FFase activity. Isolates PR-151, PR-144 and PR-142 showed the highest FFase activity in 5 consecutive evaluation generations, PR-142 being the most active with a total FFase activity of 11,248 (U.L-1) and 6.17 g/L of biomass indicating a great biotechnological potential for the synthesis of prebiotics. The molecular identification at the species level confirmed that PR-142 belongs to A. niger lineage. Key words: β-Fructofuranosidase, fructosyltransferase, Aspergillus, Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR), fructooligosaccharides.
Highlights
FOS-producing enzymes are classified as fructofuranosidases (FFase, EC 3.2.1.26) with high fructosyltransferase activity (FTase, EC 2.4.1.9) which in the case of Aspergillus, as in other microorganisms, both activities are performed by a single enzyme
From a total of 167 Aspergillus lineages, only 44 isolates showed a higher capacity for invertase activity (Table 1) than the control and were grouped according to their optical density (OD) at 540 nm as follows: High: 9 isolates; median: 14 isolates; and low: 21 isolates
High High High High High High High High High Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Medium Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low Low as A. niger, 6 isolates were identified as A. fumigatus, 1 isolate was identified as A. versicolor, 1 isolate was identified as A. ochraceus, and 4 isolates were identified as A. flavus (Table 1)
Summary
These are used in the production of amylases for the production of biofuels (Zheng et al, 2012), or in the synthesis of metallic nanoparticles that are used in medicine and electronics (Juraifani and Ghazwani, 2015). In the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, it has been found that they can be used as an acidulant and dissolving agent of active ingredients (Pau et al, 2015). In the functional food industry, fructooligosaccharides (FOS) are produced by enzymatic synthesis catalyzed by microbial enzymes, such as those produced by species of the Aspergillus genus. The study of the genetic diversity of Aspergillus with respect to biotechnological capacity in Peru has implications for the creation of local bio-industries
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