Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the methanolic extracts from the leaves, bark and flowers of Trichilia silvatica on Spodoptera frugiperda. Also, it was use in evaluating the total phenolic and flavonoid content of methanolic extracts. We also reported chemical study on the most active extract. Corn leaves were immersed in a 1% methanolic extract solution and fed to second instars of S. frugiperda. The extract of the T. silvatica (LTS) leaves decreased the viability of the larva, prolonged larval duration, affected the pupal biomass, decreased the period of oviposition and the number of eggs as well as affected the egg viability. The methanolic extract of the T. silvatica (BTS) bark decreased the larval viability, oviposition period, number of eggs and egg viability. The flower extract of T. silvatica (FTS) decreased the larval viability and period of oviposition. In relation to the constituent contents, the methanolic extract of the leaves showed highest total phenol (233.37 mg gallic acid/g of extract) and flavonoid (53.17 mg quercetin/g of extract) content. The chemical study of the FTS resulted in α-tocopherol, sitosterol 3-O-glucopyranoside, mustakone and N-metilproline. Our results indicate that the extracts affected the biology of S. frugiperda, with LTS being the most promising. Key words: Meliaceae, methanolic extracts, insecticides, plant-derived compounds.
Highlights
The Trichilia genus consists of about 70 species, mainly distributed in tropical America and Africa, of which 43 species occur in Brazil
The limonoids of Meliaceae are very complex with a high degree of oxidetion and rearrangement exhibited in the parent limonoid structure
The chemical study of the hexane, chloroform and hydromethanol fraction, resulting to liquid-liquid partitioning of methanolic extract of leaves at the time it resulted in αtocopherol, sitosterol 3-O-glucopyranoside, mustakone and N- methylproline
Summary
The Trichilia genus consists of about 70 species, mainly distributed in tropical America and Africa, of which 43 species occur in Brazil. The limonoids of Meliaceae are very complex with a high degree of oxidetion and rearrangement exhibited in the parent limonoid structure. Compounds belonging to this group express a wide range of biological activities like insecticidal deterrence, insect antifeedant and growth regulating capacity on insects (Champagne et al, 1989; Kubo and Klocke, 1982; Mikolajczak and Reed, 1987; Mikolajczak et al, 1989; Nakatani et al, 1981; Simmonds et al, 2001; Xie et al, 1994) as well as antiviral and analgesic, and several other pharmacological effects on humans (Romin et al, 1992; Vaz et al, 1997)
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