Abstract
The supply of glycerin derived from the pre-purification of biodiesel has increased considerably in Brazil, making it necessary to identify economic and environmentally friendly applications for this byproduct. This work aimed to develop oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions using crude glycerin treated with H 3 PO 4 for use as a vehicle for the application the herbicide Togar. The work was conducted in the laboratory of Marlebologia at the Federal University of Tocantins, Gurupi Campus. The preliminary emulsions were subjected to stability testing, and those that remained stable were diluted with the herbicide Togar (8% v v -1 ) and characterized with respect to pH, conductivity, viscosity, density and surface tension. The crude glycerin was used to develop five stable emulsions with promising physicochemical characteristics for use as vehicle for herbicide application. The conductivity and viscosity of the emulsions were high compared to diesel. Key words: Agrochemicals, residue, emulsions.
Highlights
Biodiesel is a mixture of straight-chain alkyl esters obtained from the transesterification of triglyceride oils and fats with short-chain alcohols, and glycerol is a by-product of this process (Knothe, 2010)
The preliminary emulsions were subjected to stability testing, and those that remained stable were diluted with the herbicide Togar (8% v v-1) and characterized with respect to pH, conductivity, viscosity, density and surface tension
This study aimed to develop oil-in-water (O/W) emulsions via crude glycerin treated with H3PO4 for use as a vehicle for application of the herbicide Togar
Summary
Biodiesel is a mixture of straight-chain alkyl esters obtained from the transesterification of triglyceride oils and fats with short-chain alcohols (ethanol or methanol), and glycerol is a by-product of this process (Knothe, 2010). Biodiesel production has increased considerably in recent years. Europe is the largest producer of biodiesel, but Brazil has shown the greatest recent increase in production rate, from 736 m3 in 2005 to 2.4 million m3 in 2010 (Pimentel et al, 2006; Anp, 2014). The growth of biodiesel production in Brazil follows the trend in the consumption of diesel B6 For every 100 L of biodiesel produced, approximately 10 L of glycerin are generated. In 2010, 257,900 m3 of glycerin were generated as a byproduct of the total biodiesel production in Brazil (Anp, 2014). The demand for glycerin in Brazil is less than the amount that is produced, and the unused portion represents a major environmental liability
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