Abstract
Though cases of AIDS are visible in Nigeria and high awareness of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), correct knowledge on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and prevention has remained low with significant numbers of people living with HIV/AIDS having low attitudes towards life and the disease itself. This study determined the baseline knowledge on human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) transmission and prevention and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS of adult HIV positive patient enrolled into care at all 4 comprehensive antiretroviral therapy (ART) sites in Yola, Nigeria. Baseline reports on the knowledge and attitudes of adult HIV positive patients were obtained from a 3 arm randomized single blind clinical trial involving 386 randomly selected and allocated adult HIV patients who were enrolled into ART care at all 4 comprehensive ART sites in Yola. The intervention was 10 to 15 min clinic based Clinician Client Centred counselling and the 3 groups were; intervention group1, intervention group 2 and the control group. An interviewer administered validated and reliable structured questionnaire was used for data collection. Outcome measures were sound knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 22. Test of significance was at α level 0.05. Overall 237 (61.4%) had sound knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention, while 346 (89.6%) of respondents had high attitudes towards HIV/AIDS. Though majority of respondents had sound knowledge on HIV transmission and prevention as well as high attitudes towards HIV/AIDS, interventions to improve knowledge and attitudes among this group of individuals would improve positive preventive strategies. Key words: Adult HIV patients, knowledge, attitudes, HIV/AIDS.
Highlights
IntroductionAn estimated 34.0 million people are presently known to be living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS globally (UNAIDS, 2012)
human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/AIDS is recognized as a major challenge to public health in recent times
This paper describes the baseline knowledge on HIV prevention and transmission and attitudes towards HIV/AIDS of adult HIV positive patients enrolled into antiretroviral therapy (ART) care at all 4 comprehensive ART sites in Yola, north-eastern Nigeria
Summary
An estimated 34.0 million people are presently known to be living with HIV/AIDS globally (UNAIDS, 2012). Variations in the distribution of this epidemic are seen among countries and regions; with Sub-Saharan Africa remaining the most severely affected. 1 in 20 adults (4.9%) are living with HIV in Sub-Saharan Africa accounting for about 69% of the global burden (UNAIDS, 2012). Nigeria has a HIV prevalence of 4.1 % (FMOH, 2010). This prevalence accounts for about 3.2 Million Nigerians out of which 2.8 million are aged 15 years and above (UNAIDS, 2013). Adamawa state with Yola as capital located in the northeastern region has a prevalence of 3.8% (FMOH, 2010). The primary mode of transmission of HIV in Nigeria is heterosexual sex, and it accounts for 80 to 95% of HIV infections in the country (Dibua, 2009)
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